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Synaptic pruning, a phase in the development of the nervous system, is the process of synapse elimination that occurs between early childhood and the onset of puberty in many mammals, including humans. [1]
Pruning is the practice of removing parameters (which may entail removing individual parameters, or parameters in groups such as by neurons) from an existing artificial neural networks. [1] The goal of this process is to maintain accuracy of the network while increasing its efficiency .
Synaptogenesis is particularly important during an individual's critical period, during which there is a certain degree of synaptic pruning due to competition for neural growth factors by neurons and synapses. Processes that are not used, or inhibited during their critical period will fail to develop normally later on in life.
Neurons are 'post-mitotic', meaning that they will never divide again for the lifetime of the organism. [11] Epigenetic modifications play a key role in regulating gene expression in differentiating neural stem cells and are critical for cell fate determination in the developing and adult mammalian brain.
The synaptic pruning that occurs in adolescence. The lifelong changes in synapses which are thought to underlie learning and memory. Typically, these neurodevelopmental processes can be broadly divided into two classes: Activity-independent mechanisms.
In neuroscience, synaptic plasticity is the ability of synapses to strengthen or weaken over time, in response to increases or decreases in their activity. [1]
In addition, a synapse serves as a junction where both the transmission and processing of information occur, making it a vital means of communication between neurons. [ 11 ] At the synapse, the plasma membrane of the signal-passing neuron (the presynaptic neuron) comes into close apposition with the membrane of the target ( postsynaptic ) cell.
Perceptual narrowing is a developmental process during which the brain uses environmental experiences to shape perceptual abilities. This process improves the perception of things that people experience often and causes them to experience a decline in the ability to perceive some things to which they are not often exposed.