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X-Y tables, also known as cross working tables or coordinate tables, help provide horizontal motion for automated machinery such as assembly robots in manufacturing facilities. Robotic arms and other automated machinery have only a limited range of motion while their bases remain stationary; X-Y tables allow this basis to move horizontally ...
[1] In the manufacturing industry, with regard to numerically controlled machine tools, the phrase machine coordinate system refers to the physical limits of the motion of the machine in each of its axes, and to the numerical coordinate which is assigned (by the machine tool builder) to each of these limits. CNC Machinery refers to machines and devices that are controlled by using programmed ...
Multiaxis machining is a manufacturing process that involves tools that move in 4 or more directions and are used to manufacture parts out of metal or other materials by milling away excess material, by water jet cutting or by laser cutting. This type of machining was originally performed mechanically on large complex machines.
Some CNC machines use "conversational" programming, which is a wizard-like programming mode that either hides G-code or completely bypasses the use of G-code. Some popular examples are Okuma's Advanced One Touch (AOT), Southwestern Industries' ProtoTRAK, Mazak's Mazatrol, Hurco's Ultimax and Winmax, Haas' Intuitive Programming System (IPS), and ...
A horizontal mill has the same short but the cutters are mounted on a horizontal spindle, or arbor, mounted across the table. Many horizontal mills also feature a built-in rotary table that allows milling at various angles; this feature is called a universal table. While endmills and the other types of tools available to a vertical mill may be ...
A typical example involves an XY table that positions each hole center, where the spindle (Z-axis) then completes a fixed cycle for drilling by plunging and retracting axially. The code for 2.5D machining is significantly less complex than 3D contour machining, and the software and hardware requirements are (traditionally) less expensive.
A coordinate-measuring machine (CMM) is a device that measures the geometry of physical objects by sensing discrete points on the surface of the object with a probe. Various types of probes are used in CMMs, the most common being mechanical and laser sensors, though optical and white light sensors do exist.
The work spindle is referred to as the C axis and, if a rotary table is incorporated, its centre line is the B axis. Horizontal boring machines are often heavy-duty industrial machines used for roughing out large components, but there are high-precision models too. Modern machines use advanced computer numerical control (CNC) systems and ...
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