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The Constitution of Ghana is the supreme law of the Republic of Ghana.It was approved on 28 April 1992 through a national referendum after 92% support. [1] [2] It defines the fundamental political principles, establishing the structure, procedures, powers and duties of the government, structure of the judiciary and legislature, and spells out the fundamental rights and duties of citizens.
The new constitution entered into force on 7 January 1993, to found the Fourth Republic. On that day, Rawlings was inaugurated as president and members of parliament swore their oaths of office. In 1996, the opposition fully contested the presidential and parliamentary elections , which were described as peaceful, free, and transparent by ...
There are a total of 276 constituencies in Ghana. The 9th Parliament first convened on 7 January 2025 to elect a Speaker and Deputy Speakers as well as for the administration of oaths to the Speaker and Members of Parliament. One new constituency, Guan was contested for the first time in this parliament. [2]
Prior to its democratic transition in 1992, Ghana had one-party rule and military rule. [2] The foundations of Ghanaian democracy are rooted in the 1992 Constitution which established an independent Electoral Commission and independent court system. [2] The Economist Intelligence Unit rated Ghana a "flawed democracy" in 2022. [3] [needs update]
In 2012, the constitution prohibits arbitrary interference with privacy, family, home, or correspondence, and the government respects these prohibitions in practice. [9] In 2002 the government of Ghana censored Internet media coverage of tribal violence in Northern Ghana. [10] In 2023, the country was scored 3 out of 4 for religious freedom. [11]
The legal system is based on the 1992 constitution, customary (traditional) law, and British common law. Court hierarchy consists of Supreme Court of Ghana (highest court), courts of appeal, and high courts of justice. Beneath these bodies are circuit, magisterial, and traditional courts. Extrajudicial institutions include public tribunals. [2]
The National Commission for Civic Education (NCCE) is a government agency in Ghana. [1] The commission is responsible for the education of Ghanaians on civic matters. [2] The commission was established by Act 452 of the Parliament of Ghana in 1993. [3]
36.44 71 Popular Front Party 30.60 42 United National Convention 17.51 13 Action Congress Party 8.84 10 Social Democratic Front 3.90 3 Independents 0.91 1 This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below. Politics of Ghana Constitution Executive President (list) John Mahama Vice President Jane Naana Opoku-Agyemang Ministers Council of State Legislative Speaker of the ...