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At the time of Confederation (1867), Montreal was the largest city of the British North American colonies, with a population of 107,225. [4] Some of the richest people in Canada lived in Montreal. By the late 1850s all the land of Canada West had been bought. [citation needed] The next frontier was west of Lake Superior.
Shaded blocks indicate periods before the province or territory joined the Canadian Confederation. Instances where the reported figure came from a different year's population count (primarily pre-1861 and for Newfoundland) are noted. Total Canadian population row includes the population of Newfoundland and Labrador.
Eastern cities such as St. John's (1583), Saint John (1604), Quebec City (1608), Montreal (1642), Halifax (1749), and Sherbrooke (1793) were officially incorporated as cities in these years. To the west, Toronto was established in 1793 as York. Of these cities, Montreal would become the most prominent city in Canada up to the 20th century.
Montreal's population grew rapidly, from around 9000 in 1800, to 23,000 in 1825, and 58,000 in 1852. [98] By 1911, the population was over 528,000. The City of Montreal annexed many neighbouring communities, expanding its territory fivefold between 1876 and 1918. [ 99 ]
By 1800, the four districts of Eastern, Midland, Home and Western had been increased to eight, the new ones being Johnston, Niagara, London and Newcastle. Additional districts were created from the existing districts as the population grew until 1849, when local government mainly based on counties came into effect. At that time, there were 20 ...
York was a town and the second capital of the colony of Upper Canada.It is the predecessor to the old city of Toronto (1834–1998).It was established in 1793 by Lieutenant-Governor John Graves Simcoe as a "temporary" location for the capital of Upper Canada, while he made plans to build a capital near today's London, Ontario.
The census showed a population count of 3,215 Acadians and habitants (French-Canadian farmers) in the administrative districts of Acadia and Canada. [73] The census also revealed a great difference in the number of men at 2,034 versus 1,181 women.
Britain's imperial government over a century later then ceded the land to Canadian control in 1867 after confederation. [8] Since then, Canada's external borders have changed several times, and had grown from four initial provinces to ten provinces and three territories by 1999. [9]