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G-code (abbreviation for geometric code; also called RS-274 [citation needed]) is the most widely used computer numerical control (CNC) and 3D printing programming language. It is used mainly in computer-aided manufacturing to control automated machine tools, as well as for 3D-printer slicer applications. G-code has many variants.
A CNC machine is a motorized maneuverable tool and often a motorized maneuverable platform, which are both controlled by a computer, according to specific input instructions. Instructions are delivered to a CNC machine in the form of a sequential program of machine control instructions such as G-code and M-code, and then
M code or M-Code may refer to: Machine code; MATLAB programming language; M-code, GPS signals for use by the military; M Code, used in conjunction with G-code in the CNC/machining industry; M Formula language, sometimes called M code, a mashup query language used in Microsoft's Power Query
The resulting file is then run by the control of the machine to generate tool motions and other machine actions. Most commonly, this file is in some form of RS-274 format instructions, commonly known as G-code.
CNC machines use G-code and M-code in order to control the machine and the positioning of the spindle. Canned cycles use G-code to machine specific features such as flat-bottom pockets, drilling, or tapping cycles. [3] These make use of 2.5 axis machines, and are used more in education then industry.
The output from the CAM software is usually a simple text file of G-code/M-codes, sometimes many thousands of commands long, that is then transferred to a machine tool using a direct numerical control (DNC) program or in modern Controllers using a common USB Storage Device. CAM packages could not, and still cannot, reason as a machinist can.
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CNC router are often used with two software applications—one to make designs and another to translate those designs into a G-code or M-code program of instructions for the machine in vertical, horizontal and perpendicular coordinates.