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Axillary dissection is a surgical procedure that incises the axilla, usually in order to identify, examine, or take out lymph nodes. [1] The term "axilla" refers to the armpit or underarm section of the body. [2] The axillary dissection procedure is commonly used in treating the underarm portion of women who are dealing with breast cancer. [3]
The tail of Spence (Spence's tail, axillary process, axillary tail) has historically been described as an extension of the tissue of the upper outer quadrant of the breast traveling into the axilla. [1] The "axillary tail" has been reported to pass into the axilla through an opening in the deep fascia called foramen of Langer.
The combined effects of radiation and breast cancer surgery can in particular lead to complications such as breast fibrosis, secondary lymphoedema (which may occur in the arm, the breast or the chest, in particular after axillary lymph node dissection [5] [6]), breast asymmetry, and chronic/recurrent breast cellulitis, each of these having long ...
Marci found a lump in her breast in April of last year. She went to the doctor the next day. "The first doctor I saw told me that it was not life threatening, probably a cyst, and that I am too ...
It is based on three surgical principles: ideal breast cancer surgery with free tumor margins, immediate breast reconstruction, and immediate symmetry with the other breast. [11] Oncoplastic approaches to breast-conserving surgery may require a close partnership among surgeons who specialize in surgical oncology and plastic surgery .
The en bloc removal of the breast tissue became known as the Halsted mastectomy before adopting the title "the complete operation" and eventually, "the radical mastectomy" as it is known today. [ 5 ] Radical mastectomy was based on the medical belief at the time that breast cancer spread locally at first, invading nearby tissue and then ...
The first such trial, led by Umberto Veronesi at the European Institute of Oncology, showed that women with breast tumours of 2 cm or less could safely forgo axillary dissection if their sentinel lymph nodes were found to be cancer-free on biopsy. [26] The benefits included less pain, greater arm mobility and less swelling in the arm. [27]
Breast reconstruction is the surgical process of rebuilding the shape and look of a breast, most commonly in women who have had surgery to treat breast cancer. It involves using autologous tissue, prosthetic implants, or a combination of both with the goal of reconstructing a natural-looking breast.