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Railway signal in Ploiești West railway station, Romania. This type of signal is based on the German Ks signals. The signal head is the portion of a colour light signal which displays the aspects. To display a larger number of indications, a single signal might have multiple signal heads.
The signal's aspect is based on a combination of the aspects each individual head displays. Where a signal has multiple heads, aspects are read from top to bottom and are described as "X over Y over Z". Dwarf signals are smaller signals used in low-speed or restricted-clearance areas. Most signaling aspect systems have a parallel set of aspects ...
A British Upper Quadrant semaphore signal. In the days of the first British railways, "policemen" were employed by every railway company. Their jobs were many and varied, but one of their key roles was the giving of hand signals to inform engine drivers as to the state of the line ahead. [3]
A Class 66 locomotive (right) is waiting at a red signal while a First Great Western (now Great Western Railway) passenger train (left) crosses its path at a junction. Railway signalling (BE), or railroad signaling (AE), is a system used to control the movement of railway traffic.
Bidirectional signalling is the provision of signalling that allows one or more tracks on a multiple track railway to be operated in either direction, whether for regular or emergency use. Bidirectional signalling intended for regular use will generally allow traffic to flow at similarly high frequency in one or other direction.
Railway semaphore signal is one of the earliest forms of fixed railway signals. This semaphore system involves signals that display their different indications to train drivers by changing the angle of inclination of a pivoted 'arm'.
The NORAC rule book illustrates all signal aspects and indications which may appear on track operated by member railroads. However, GCOR does not illustrate signal aspects and indications because of the lack of uniformity between the participating railroads. Signal aspect and indication illustrations instead appear in each railroad's system ...
The signalling is designed in such a way that the controlling signals will only allow one train to enter the line at any one time. The signaller at the far end of the section must visually check that the whole train has left the section and has not become divided by confirming the train is 'complete with tail lamp'.