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The circular folds slow the passage of the partly digested food along the intestines, and afford an increased surface for absorption. [5] They are covered with small finger-like projections called villi (singular, villus). Each villus, in turn, is covered with microvilli. The microvilli absorb fats and nutrients from the chyme.
Diagram of the alkaline mucous layer in the stomach with mucosal defense mechanisms. The gastric mucosa is the mucous membrane layer of the stomach, which contains the gastric pits, to which the gastric glands empty. In humans, it is about one mm thick, and its surface is smooth, soft, and velvety.
Plait: folds on the columella. Protoconch: the nuclear or embryonic whorl; the larval shell, often remains in position even on an adult shell; Sculpture: ornamentation on the outer surface of a shell Lira: raised lines or ridges on the surface of the shell; Siphonal canal: an extension of the aperture in certain gastropods
Labeled diagram of the small intestine and its surrounding structures The small intestine is divided into three structural parts. The duodenum is a short structure ranging from 20–25 cm (8–10 in) in length, and shaped like a "C". [ 12 ]
The folds become very thick due to inflammation. [7] Peptic ulcer disease Ulcers cause breaks in the mucosa and cause erosion of the sub-mucosa. Zollinger-Ellison syndrome Gastrin levels increase due to tumors, which cause an increase in the gastric fold size. [7] Ménétrier's disease The mucosa pits are in excess causing thickening of the ...
Rugae folds behind the anterior teeth in the hard palate of the mouth. In anatomy, rugae (sg.: ruga) are a series of ridges produced by folding of the wall of an organ. [1]In general, rugae are a biological feature found in many organisms, serving purposes such as increasing surface area, flexibility, or structural support.
These folds are about 12 mm. in width and are composed of the circular muscle coat of the rectum. They are usually three in number; sometimes a fourth is found, and occasionally only two are present. One is situated near the commencement of the rectum, on the right side.
The large intestine, also known as the large bowel, is the last part of the gastrointestinal tract and of the digestive system in tetrapods.Water is absorbed here and the remaining waste material is stored in the rectum as feces before being removed by defecation. [1]