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Reconstructions of global temperature of the past 2000 years, using composite of different proxy methods. In the study of past climates ("paleoclimatology"), climate proxies are preserved physical characteristics of the past that stand in for direct meteorological measurements [1] and enable scientists to reconstruct the climatic conditions over a longer fraction of the Earth's history.
Also called Indianite. A mineral from the lime-rich end of the plagioclase group of minerals. Anorthites are usually silicates of calcium and aluminium occurring in some basic igneous rocks, typically those produced by the contact metamorphism of impure calcareous sediments. anticline An arched fold in which the layers usually dip away from the fold axis. Contrast syncline. aphanic Having the ...
Paleoclimatology uses a variety of proxy methods from Earth and life sciences to obtain data previously preserved within rocks, sediments, boreholes, ice sheets, tree rings, corals, shells, and microfossils. Combined with techniques to date the proxies, the paleoclimate records are used to determine the past states of Earth's atmosphere.
Samples carry Proxies. Thicker bands = warmer, wetter weather Visual and Microscope: ca 13,000 yrs BP Dendroclimatology: Biological Annual bands of seasonally differing woody growth tissue in trees Thicker bands = warmer and/or wetter weather, although some studies found thinner trunks for higher temperatures [1] Visual and Microscope: ca ...
The problem of changing response of some tree ring proxies to recent climate changes was first identified through research in Alaska conducted by Gordon Jacoby and Rosanne D'Arrigo. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Keith Briffa 's February 1998 study showed that this problem was more widespread at high northern latitudes, and warned that it had to be taken into ...
This glossary of geography terms is a list of definitions of terms and concepts used in geography and related fields, including Earth science, oceanography, cartography, and human geography, as well as those describing spatial dimension, topographical features, natural resources, and the collection, analysis, and visualization of geographic ...
There are several theories as to how a greenhouse Earth can come about. Geologic climate proxies indicate that there is a strong correlation between a greenhouse state and high CO 2 levels. [1] However, it is important to recognize that high CO 2 levels are interpreted as an indicator of Earth's climate, rather than as an independent driver.
In terms of global ice volume, it ranks as one of the two most extreme glaciations of the Quaternary, on par with MIS 12. [ 3 ] [ 2 ] However, in terms of sea water temperatures it is a much more modest glaciation, of similar climate intensity to the neighbouring Cromerian glaciations MIS 14 and MIS 18. [ 3 ]