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Classical antiquity is the period of cultural history spanning from the 8th century BC to the beginning of the Middle Ages (which began around 500 AD). The major civilizations are those of the Mediterranean region, ancient Greece, ancient Rome, and southwest Asia.
The cuisine of ancient Rome changed greatly over the duration of the civilization's existence. Dietary habits were affected by the political /changes from kingdom to republic to empire , and Roman trading with foreigners along with the empire's enormous expansion exposed Romans to many new foods, provincial culinary habits and cooking methods.
Beer is recorded in the written history of Mesopotamia and ancient Egypt and is one of the world's oldest prepared beverages. [75]Kykeon was a common beverage of sustenance in ancient Greece, most often consisting mainly of a barley gruel mixture with various additives, sometimes written as having psychoactive properties associated with religious visions.
Food history is an interdisciplinary field that examines the history and the cultural, economic, environmental, and sociological impacts of food and human nutrition. It is considered distinct from the more traditional field of culinary history , which focuses on the origin and recreation of specific recipes.
Agriculture was the main economic activity in ancient Mesopotamia.Operating under harsh constraints, notably the arid climate, the Mesopotamian farmers developed effective strategies that enabled them to support the development of the first known empires, under the supervision of the institutions which dominated the economy: the royal and provincial palaces, the temples, and the domains of the ...
Consumerism has weak links with the Western world, but is in fact an international phenomenon. People purchasing goods and consuming materials in excess of their basic needs is as old as the first civilizations (e.g. Ancient Egypt, Babylon and Ancient Rome). Bernard Mandeville's work The Fable of the Bees, which justified conspicuous consumption.
Ancient Greece Marble Votive Relief of a Funerary Banquet. The concept of catering can be traced back to ancient times such as in civilizations like Ancient Egypt, Greece, and Rome where large banquets were commonly held by the ruling classes, requiring the services of cooks and servers to prepare and distribute the food. [1] [2]
5-2 million years ago: Hominids shift away from the consumption of nuts and berries to begin the consumption of meat. [1] [2]A hearth with cooking utensils. 2.5-1.8 million years ago: The discovery of the use of fire may have created a sense of sharing as a group.