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Sodium peroxide is an inorganic compound with the formula Na 2 O 2.This yellowish solid is the product of sodium ignited in excess oxygen. [3] It is a strong base. This metal peroxide exists in several hydrates and peroxyhydrates including Na 2 O 2 ·2H 2 O 2 ·4H 2 O, Na 2 O 2 ·2H 2 O, Na 2 O 2 ·2H 2 O 2, and Na 2 O 2 ·8H 2 O. [4] The octahydrate, which is simple to prepare, is white, in ...
Sodium or lithium peroxides are preferred in space applications because of their lower molar mass and therefore higher oxygen yield per unit weight. [3] 2 Na 2 O 2 + 2 CO 2 → 2 Na 2 CO 3 + O 2. Alkali metal peroxides can be used for the synthesis of organic peroxides. One example is the conversion of benzoyl chloride with sodium peroxide to ...
For example, the loss of blue color in leuco-methylene blue is selective for hydrogen peroxide. [21] Quantitative analysis of hydroperoxides can be performed using potentiometric titration with lithium aluminium hydride. [22] Another way to evaluate the content of peracids and peroxides is the volumetric titration with alkoxides such as sodium ...
Typical bleach activators are essentially N- and O-acyl compounds that form peroxyacids upon perhydrolysis (meaning hydrolysis by hydrogen peroxide from the bleach, persalts). For example, TAED produces in the wash liquor bleach-active peroxyacetic acid or from DOBA peroxydodecanoic acid. In all cases, the activator is chemically reacted ...
In addition to hydrogen peroxide, some other major classes of peroxides are: Peroxy acids, the peroxy derivatives of many familiar acids, examples being peroxymonosulfuric acid and peracetic acid, and their salts, one example of which is potassium peroxydisulfate. Main group peroxides, compounds with the linkage E−O−O−E (E = main group ...
Sodium peroxide (Na 2 O 2) is used to oxidize the sample that becomes soluble in a diluted acid solution. This method allows complete dissolution of numerous refractory compounds like chromite , magnetite , ilmenite , rutile , and even silicon , carbides , alloys , noble metals and materials with high sulfide contents.
Alkaline hydrolysis of esters is also known as saponification. A base such as sodium hydroxide is required in stochiometric amounts. Unlike acid-catalyzed ester hydrolysis, it is not an equilibrium reaction and proceeds to completion. Hydroxide ion attacks the carbonyl carbon to give a tetrahedral intermediate, which then expels an alkoxide ion.
The Dakin oxidation can occur in mild acidic conditions as well, with a mechanism analogous to the base-catalyzed mechanism. In methanol, hydrogen peroxide, and catalytic sulfuric acid, the carbonyl oxygen is protonated (14), after which hydrogen peroxide adds as a nucleophile to the carbonyl carbon, forming a tetrahedral intermediate (15).