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Medieval technology is the technology used in medieval Europe under Christian rule.After the Renaissance of the 12th century, medieval Europe saw a radical change in the rate of new inventions, innovations in the ways of managing traditional means of production, and economic growth. [2]
Made of six to twelve sails covered in reed matting or cloth material, these windmills were used to grind grains and draw up water, and used in the gristmilling and sugarcane industries. [74] Horizontal axle windmills of the type generally used today, however, were developed in Northwestern Europe in the 1180s.
A Christian and a Muslim playing chess, illustration from the Book of Games of Alfonso X (c. 1285). [1]During the High Middle Ages, the Islamic world was an important contributor to the global cultural scene, innovating and supplying information and ideas to Europe, via Al-Andalus, Sicily and the Crusader kingdoms in the Levant.
The Tusi couple, a mathematical device invented by the Persian polymath Nasir al-Din Tusi to model the not perfectly circular motions of the planets. Science in the medieval Islamic world was the science developed and practised during the Islamic Golden Age under the Abbasid Caliphate of Baghdad, the Umayyads of Córdoba, the Abbadids of Seville, the Samanids, the Ziyarids and the Buyids in ...
The scientific enterprise in antiquity and the middle ages: readings from Isis. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-74951-7. Walsh, James (1908) [1908]. The Popes and Science: The History of the Papal Relations to Science During the Middle Ages and Down to Our Own Time. Kessinger Publishing. ISBN 0-7661-3646-9.
Bec de corbin, a popular medieval weapon. Motte-and-bailey, a form of castle. [195] The Pot-de-fer, a primitive cannon during the Hundred Years' War. [196] Culverin, ancestor of the musket. [197] Flintlock by Marin le Bourgeoys in 1612. [198] Corvette, a small, maneuverable, lightly armed warship that appeared in the 1670s. Bayonet (from French ...
Etched carnelian beads – are a type of ancient decorative beads made from carnelian with an etched design in white. They were made according to a technique of alkaline-etching developed by the Harappans during the 3rd millennium BCE and were widely disperced from China in the east to Greece in the west. [127] [128] [129]
Note: Although these inventions were created on the Iberian Peninsula, that does not mean they were not made by people of Spanish heritage due to the area being part of the Islamic Empire. Alcohol distillation; Mercuric oxide, first synthesized by Abu al-Qasim al-Qurtubi al-Majriti (10th century). Modern surgery. Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (936 ...