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Child-centred classrooms and "open education" are direct applications of Piaget's views. [7] Despite its huge success, Piaget's theory has some limitations that Piaget recognised himself: for example, the theory supports sharp stages rather than continuous development (horizontal and vertical décalage). [8]
During the 1970s and 1980s, Piaget's works also inspired the transformation of European and American education, including theory and practice, leading to a more 'child-centered' approach. In Conversations with Jean Piaget , Bringuier says: "Education, for most people, means trying to lead the child to resemble the typical adult of his society ...
Constructivism in education is rooted in epistemology, a theory of knowledge concerned with the logical categories of knowledge and its justification. [3] It acknowledges that learners bring prior knowledge and experiences shaped by their social and cultural environment and that learning is a process of students "constructing" knowledge based on their experiences.
The learning theories of John Dewey, Maria Montessori, and David A. Kolb serve as the foundation of the application of constructivist learning theory in the classroom. [40] Constructivism has many varieties such as active learning , discovery learning , and knowledge building , but all versions promote a student's free exploration within a ...
There are those who also cite the contribution of John Dewey such as his works on action research, which allows the construction of complex understanding of teaching and learning. [2] Dewey and Piaget researched childhood development and education; both were very influential in the development of informal education. Dewey's idea of influential ...
Genetic epistemology or 'developmental theory of knowledge' is a study of the origins (genesis) of knowledge (epistemology) established by Swiss psychologist Jean Piaget. This theory opposes traditional epistemology and unites constructivism and structuralism. Piaget took epistemology as the starting point and adopted the method of genetics ...
Another significant theory was Jean Piaget's constructivism, which described how learners construct knowledge by expanding and changing their ideas based on the information they receive. [3] [7] Sigmund Freud's work on psychoanalysis and John Dewey's theories on schooling and learning were also major influences during this time. [1]
Neo-Piagetian theories criticize and build on Piaget's work. Juan Pascaual-Leone was the first to propose a neo-Piagetian stage theory. Since that time several neo-Piagetian theories of cognitive development have been proposed. [12] These include the theories of Robbie Case, Grame Halford, Andreas Demetriou and Kurt W. Fischer.