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The list of contraindications for receiving ECT is relatively short. Once the decision to undergo ECT is made collaboratively between the patient and physician, the patient is screened for any contraindications. These include a history of cerebral aneurysms, heart attack, emphysema, multiple sclerosis, and muscular dystrophy. [1]
It was not until 1967 that the term functional electrical stimulation was coined by Moe and Post, [24] and used in a patent entitled, "Electrical stimulation of muscle deprived of nervous control with a view of providing muscular contraction and producing a functionally useful moment". [25] Offner's patent described a system used to treat foot ...
Electrotherapy is the use of electrical energy as a medical treatment. [1] In medicine, the term electrotherapy can apply to a variety of treatments, including the use of electrical devices such as deep brain stimulators for neurological disease. [2]
Athlete recovering with four-channel, electrical muscle stimulation machine attached through self-adhesive pads to her hamstrings. Electrical muscle stimulation can be used as a training, [7] [8] [9] therapeutic, [10] [11] or cosmetic tool.
Patients who received pulsing electrical impulses, as opposed to a steady flow, seemed to incur less memory loss. The vast majority of modern treatments use brief pulse currents. [ 74 ] A greater number of treatments and higher electrical charges (stimulus charges) have also been associated with a greater risk of memory impairment.
A microcurrent electrical neuromuscular stimulator or MENS (also microamperage electrical neuromuscular stimulator) is a device used to send weak electrical signals into the body. Such devices apply extremely small microamp [uA] electrical currents (less than 1 milliampere [mA]) to the tissues using electrodes placed on the skin.
Electrical brain stimulation was first used in the first half of the 19th century by pioneering researchers such as Luigi Rolando [citation needed] (1773–1831) and Pierre Flourens [citation needed] (1794–1867), to study the brain localization of function, following the discovery by Italian physician Luigi Galvani (1737–1798) that nerves and muscles were electrically excitable.
A spinal cord stimulator (SCS) or dorsal column stimulator (DCS) is a type of implantable neuromodulation device (sometimes called a "pain pacemaker") that is used to send electrical signals to select areas of the spinal cord (dorsal columns) for the treatment of certain pain conditions.