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Psychological distance is the degree to which people feel removed from a phenomenon. Distance in this case is not limited to the physical surroundings, rather it could also be abstract. Distance can be defined as the separation between the self and other instances like persons, events, knowledge, or time. [1]
According to CLT, psychologically distant events are construed at the high level, while psychologically near events are construed at the low level. There are several different kinds of psychological distance. Temporal distance, spatial distance, social distance, and hypothetical distance are those that have received the most attention in research.
Normative social distance: A second approach views social distance as a normative category. Normative social distance refers to the widely accepted and often consciously expressed norms about who should be considered as an "insider" and who an "outsider/foreigner". Such norms, in other words, specify the distinctions between "us" and "them".
[2] [18] In the beginning of development, there is a short distance between words and what they mean and children are only able to comprehend and speak about the concrete. As the distance widens children are able to comprehend location, past, present and future. [1] Language then allows for the communication of abstract and remote ideas.
After several studies, the notion of social distance was enshrined as the "social distance corollary" (Meirick, 2005). According to Perloff's review (1999), of the 11 studies that have tested the social-distance notion, 9 confirmed it, articulating this phenomenon as "another factor on which the strength of the third-person effect hinges".
People with such characteristics seemed to him unable to screen out frightening images and feelings originating in their dreams. They also seemed to lack barriers between their own identity and those of others, or between their own beliefs and unconventional ideas. [ 4 ]
Psychic distance is a perceived difference or distance between objects. The concept is used in aesthetics, international business and marketing, and computer science.. Psychic distance is made up of the Greek word "psychikos" (ψυχικός), an adjective referring to an individual's mind and soul, [1] and "distance", which implies differences between two subjects or objects.
Critiques also argue that belief congruence primarily addresses discrimination in contexts of small social distance, the theory's applicability to scenarios involving larger social distances, such as neighbourhood or university settings, where prejudice and discrimination might manifest differently, remains questioned. [13]