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The hippocampus is located in the medial temporal lobe (subcortical), and is an infolding of the medial temporal cortex. [1] The hippocampus plays an important role in the transfer of information from short-term memory to long-term memory during encoding and retrieval stages. These stages do not need to occur successively, but are, as studies ...
Hippocampus in the human brain Nissl-stained coronal section of the brain of a macaque monkey, showing hippocampal formation and subfields (circled). Hippocampus anatomy describes the physical aspects and properties of the hippocampus, a neural structure in the medial temporal lobe of each cerebral hemisphere of the brain.
The third important theory of hippocampal function relates the hippocampus to space, and spatial memory, with the idea of a cognitive map first proposed by American psychologist E.C. Tolman. This theory was followed further by O'Keefe, and in 1971, he and his student Dostrovsky discovered neurons, in the rat hippocampus that seemed to show ...
View of left entorhinal cortex (red) from beneath the brain, with front of brain at top. Artist's rendering. The superficial layers – layers II and III – of EC project to the dentate gyrus and hippocampus: Layer II projects primarily to dentate gyrus and hippocampal region CA3; layer III projects primarily to hippocampal region CA1 and the subiculum.
The medial temporal lobe structures are critical for long-term memory, and include the hippocampal formation, perirhinal cortex, parahippocampal, and entorhinal neocortical regions. [4]: 196 [5] The hippocampus is critical for memory formation, and the surrounding medial temporal cortex is currently theorized to be critical for memory storage.
The hippocampus is a structure in the brain that has been associated with various memory functions. It is part of the limbic system , and lies next to the medial temporal lobe. It is made up of two structures, the Ammon's Horn , and the Dentate gyrus , each containing different types of cells .
There are four hippocampal subfields, regions in the hippocampus proper which form a neural circuit called the trisynaptic circuit. CA1. CA1 is the first region in the hippocampal circuit, from which a major output pathway goes to layer V of the entorhinal cortex. Another significant output is to the subiculum. CA2
The EC has dual functions in processing information for explicit memory storage: First, it is the main input to the hippocampus. [2] The EC projects to the dentate gyrus via the perforant pathway and by this means provides the critical input pathway in this area of the brain, linking the association cortices to the hippocampus.