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Silicone rubber is an elastomer (rubber-like material) composed of silicone—itself a polymer—containing silicon together with carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Silicone rubbers are widely used in industry, and there are multiple formulations.
Silicone is a widely used material in the aerospace industry due to its sealing properties, stability across an extreme temperature range, durability, sound dampening and anti-vibration qualities, and naturally flame retardant properties. Maintaining extreme functionality is paramount for passenger safety in the aerospace industry, so each ...
Silicone resin with R = CH 3, H or OH. Silicone resins are a type of silicone material which is formed by branched, cage-like oligosiloxanes with the general formula of R n SiX m O y, where R is a non-reactive substituent, usually methyl (Me = −CH 3) or phenyl (Ph = −C 6 H 5), and X is a functional group: hydrogen (−H), hydroxyl (−OH), chlorine (−Cl) or alkoxy (−O −).
Ferrosilicon is used as a source of silicon to reduce metals from their oxides and to deoxidize steel and other ferrous alloys. This prevents the loss of carbon from the molten steel (so called blocking the heat); ferromanganese, spiegeleisen, calcium silicides, and many other materials are used for the same purpose. [5]
Silicones also exhibit good chemical resistance and high-temperature resistance (205 °C, 400 °F and higher). For this reason, silicone molds are suitable for casting low-melt metals and alloys (e.g. zinc, tin, pewter, and Wood's metal). RTV silicone rubbers are, however, generally expensive – especially platinum-cure.
Silicone is also sometimes used in breast implants, contact lenses, explosives and pyrotechnics. [76] Silly Putty was originally made by adding boric acid to silicone oil. [77] Other silicon compounds function as high-technology abrasives and new high-strength ceramics based upon silicon carbide. Silicon is a component of some superalloys.
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Viscoelasticity is a type of non-Newtonian flow, characterizing a material that acts as a viscous liquid over a long time period but as an elastic solid over a short time period. [7] Because its apparent viscosity increases directly with respect to the amount of force applied, Silly Putty can be characterized as a dilatant fluid.