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A PIN diode RF microwave switch. Under zero- or reverse-bias (the "off" state), a PIN diode has a low capacitance. The low capacitance will not pass much of an RF signal. Under a forward bias of 1 mA (the "on" state), a typical PIN diode will have an RF resistance of about 1 ohm, making it a good conductor of RF. Consequently, the PIN diode ...
A 2-D tetra-lateral PSD is capable of providing continuous position measurement of the incident light spot in 2-D. It consists of a single square PIN diode with a resistive layer. When there is an incident light on the active area of the sensor, photocurrents are generated and collected from four electrodes placed along each side of the square ...
A semiconductor detector in ionizing radiation detection physics is a device that uses a semiconductor (usually silicon or germanium) to measure the effect of incident charged particles or photons. Semiconductor detectors find broad application for radiation protection , gamma and X-ray spectrometry , and as particle detectors .
A PIN diode has a central un-doped, or intrinsic, layer, forming a p-type/intrinsic/n-type structure. [42] They are used as radio frequency switches and attenuators. They are also used as large-volume, ionizing-radiation detectors and as photodetectors. PIN diodes are also used in power electronics, as
Envelope detectors are often a component of other circuits, such as a compressor or an auto-wah or envelope-followed filter. In these circuits, the envelope follower is part of what is known as the " side chain ", a circuit which describes some characteristic of the input, in this case its volume.
Proportional counters or various types of solid-state detectors (PIN diode, Si(Li), Ge(Li), silicon drift detector SDD) are used. They all share the same detection principle: An incoming X-ray photon ionizes a large number of detector atoms with the amount of charge produced being proportional to the energy of the incoming photon. The charge is ...
Elements can also be divided into active and passive: Passive elements – These elements do not have a source of energy; examples are diodes, resistances, capacitances, and inductances. Active elements or sources – these are elements which can source electrical power. They can be used to represent ideal batteries and power supplies; examples are
HgCdTe infrared detectors. Detection occurs when an infrared photon of sufficient energy kicks an electron from the valence band to the conduction band. Such an electron is collected by a suitable external readout integrated circuits (ROIC) and transformed into an electric signal. LEDs which are reverse-biased to act as photodiodes.