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A proportional–integral–derivative controller (PID controller or three-term controller) is a feedback-based control loop mechanism commonly used to manage machines and processes that require continuous control and automatic adjustment
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OBD-II PIDs (On-board diagnostics Parameter IDs) are codes used to request data from a vehicle, used as a diagnostic tool.. SAE standard J1979 defines many OBD-II PIDs. All on-road vehicles and trucks sold in North America are required to support a subset of these codes, primarily for state mandated emissions inspections.
The various available parameters are addressed by "parameter identification numbers" or PIDs which are defined in J1979. For a list of basic PIDs, their definitions, and the formula to convert raw OBD-II output to meaningful diagnostic units, see OBD-II PIDs .
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PID $23 is not limited to diesel engines, any engine where the fuel rail pressure is greater than that allowed by PID $22 may use it, gasoline direct injection for instance. Manufactures are required to report on one of the 3 fuel rail pressure PIDs PIDs $0A $22 or $23 if a fuel rail pressure sensor is fitted to their vehicles.
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Given the control plant, desired specifications can be achieved using compensators. I, P, PI, PD, and PID, are optimizing controllers which are used to improve system parameters (such as reducing steady state error, reducing resonant peak, improving system response by reducing rise time). All these operations can be done by compensators as well ...