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Autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) is a type of encephalitis, and one of the most common causes of noninfectious encephalitis. It can be triggered by tumors , infections , or it may be cryptogenic . The neurological manifestations can be either acute or subacute and usually develop within six weeks.
Anti-Hu associated encephalitis, also known as Anti-ANNA1 associated encephalitis, is an uncommon form of brain inflammation that is associated with an underlying cancer. It can cause psychiatric symptoms such as depression , anxiety , and hallucinations . [ 1 ]
Anti-VGKC-complex encephalitis are caused by antibodies against the voltage gated potassium channel-complex (VGKC-complex) and are implicated in several autoimmune conditions including limbic encephalitis, epilepsy and neuromyotonia (i.e. Isaacs' Syndrome). [1] Research into autoimmune encephalitides have significantly advanced recently. Both ...
'brain'; and the medical suffix -itis, "inflammation"), also known as herpes meningoencephalitis, is a medical condition that simultaneously resembles both meningitis, which is an infection or inflammation of the meninges, and encephalitis, which is an infection or inflammation of the brain tissue.
Encephalitis with meningitis is known as meningoencephalitis, while encephalitis with involvement of the spinal cord is known as encephalomyelitis. [ 2 ] The word is from Ancient Greek ἐγκέφαλος , enképhalos 'brain', [ 37 ] composed of ἐν , en , 'in' and κεφαλή , kephalé , 'head', and the medical suffix -itis 'inflammation'.
Limbic encephalitis is associated with an autoimmune reaction. [1] In non-paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis, this is typically due to infection (commonly herpes simplex virus) or as a systemic autoimmune disorder. [13] Limbic encephalitis associated with cancer or tumors is called paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis. [citation needed]
Autoimmune GFAP Astrocytopathy is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system of the patient attacks a protein of the nervous system called glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). It was described in 2016 by researchers of the Mayo Clinic in the United States.
Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis is a type of brain inflammation caused by antibodies. [4] Early symptoms may include fever , headache, and feeling tired. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] This is then typically followed by psychosis which presents with false beliefs (delusions) and seeing or hearing things that others do not see or hear (hallucinations). [ 1 ]