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The French nobility (French: la noblesse française) was an aristocratic social class in France from the Middle Ages until its abolition on 23 June 1790 during the French Revolution. From 1808 [ 1 ] to 1815 during the First Empire the Emperor Napoléon bestowed titles [ 2 ] that were recognized as a new nobility by the Charter of 4 June 1814 ...
Second Opium War: British and French troops entered the Forbidden City in Beijing. 1866: 31 May: French intervention in Mexico: French troops start withdrawing from the country. 1870–1940: Third Republic: 1871: 10 May: The end of the Franco-Prussian War: France's loss marked the downfall of Napoleon III and led to the end of the Second French ...
In return, French negotiator Jean Monnet set out the French five-year plan for recovery and development. [132] The Marshall Plan gave France $2.3 billion with no repayment. The total of all American grants and credits to France from 1946 to 1953, amounted to $4.9 billion.
The family tree of Frankish and French monarchs (509–1870) France was ruled by monarchs from the establishment of the kingdom of West Francia in 843 until the end of the Second French Empire in 1870, with several interruptions. Classical French historiography usually regards Clovis I, king of the Franks (r. 507–511), as the first king of ...
' old rule ') was the political and social system of the Kingdom of France that the French Revolution overturned [1] through its abolition in 1790 of the feudal system of the French nobility [2] and in 1792 through its execution of the king and declaration of a republic. [3] "Ancien régime" is now a common metaphor for "a system or mode no ...
The prestigious title and position of Peer of France (French: Pair de France) was held by the greatest, highest-ranking members of the French nobility. [1] French peerage thus differed from British peerage (to whom the term "baronage", also employed as the title of the lowest noble rank, was applied in its generic sense), for the vast majority ...
Napoleon's nobility was not abolished after the Bourbon Restoration, but it largely disappeared gradually for natural reasons, due in part to the great number of soldiers who had been promoted and subsequently died during the Napoleonic Wars. In 1975, there were 239 remaining families belonging to the First Empire's nobility.
The First and Second Estates had 300 each. But French society had changed since 1614, and these Estates-General were not identical to those of 1614. Members of the nobility were not required to stand for election to the Second Estate, and many of them were elected to the Third Estate. The total number of nobles in the three Estates was about 400.