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The S-matrix is closely related to the transition probability amplitude in quantum mechanics and to cross sections of various interactions; the elements (individual numerical entries) in the S-matrix are known as scattering amplitudes. Poles of the S-matrix in the complex-energy plane are identified with bound states, virtual states or resonances.
In S-matrix theory, the S-matrix relates the infinite past to the infinite future in one step, without being decomposable into intermediate steps corresponding to time-slices. This program was very influential in the 1960s, because it was a plausible substitute for quantum field theory , which was plagued with the zero interaction phenomenon at ...
the characterization of matrix-associated regions (MARs) the first examples of which supported the immunoglobulin kapp-chain enhancer according to its occupancy with transcription factors [3] Subsequent work demonstrated both the constitutive (SAR-like) and the facultative (MAR-like) function of the elements depending on the context.
The S-parameter for a 1-port network is given by a simple 1 × 1 matrix of the form () where n is the allocated port number. To comply with the S-parameter definition of linearity, this would normally be a passive load of some type.
The transition amplitude is then given as the matrix element of the S-matrix between the initial and final states of the quantum system. Feynman used Ernst Stueckelberg's interpretation of the positron as if it were an electron moving backward in time. [3] Thus, antiparticles are represented as moving backward along the time axis in Feynman ...
This glossary of biology terms is a list of definitions of fundamental terms and concepts used in biology, the study of life and of living organisms.It is intended as introductory material for novices; for more specific and technical definitions from sub-disciplines and related fields, see Glossary of cell biology, Glossary of genetics, Glossary of evolutionary biology, Glossary of ecology ...
In structural biology, resolution can be broken down into 4 groups: (1) sub-atomic, when information about the electron density is obtained and quantum effects can be studied, (2) atomic, individual atoms are visible and an accurate three-dimensional model can be constructed, (3) helical, secondary structure, such as alpha helices and beta sheets; RNA helices (in ribosomes), (4) domain, no ...
3' untranslated region (3'-UTR). Also three-prime untranslated region, 3' non-translated region (3'-NTR), and trailer sequence.. 3'-end. Also three-prime end.. One of two ends of a single linear strand of DNA or RNA, specifically the end at which the chain of nucleotides terminates at the third carbon atom in the furanose ring of deoxyribose or ribose (i.e. the terminus at which the 3' carbon ...