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Clinical studies using different dosages were done on histamine-induced wheal and flare reaction over a 24-h period, compared with a single 10 mg oral dose of cetirizine. [25] The results of this research indicated that bilastine was at least as efficient as cetirizine in reducing histamine-mediated effects in healthy volunteers.
Example of a H-1 antihistamine (Levocetirizine) Side effects. Side effects generally exist more in first-generation antihistamines, for example drowsiness, blurred vision and dry mouth. Other common side effects for all generations include gastrointestinal side effects, headaches and tiredness. [9]
Although histamine is small compared to other biological molecules (containing only 17 atoms), it plays an important role in the body. It is known to be involved in 23 different physiological functions. Histamine is known to be involved in many physiological functions because of its chemical properties that allow it to be versatile in binding.
One of the factors believed to cause histamine intolerance is an imbalance between uptake of histamine through the diet and a diminished capacity to metabolize ingested histamine, leading to an increased blood concentration of the amines which may potentially cause adverse effects. The primary cause of histamine intolerance is considered by ...
Antihistamines are drugs which treat allergic rhinitis, common cold, influenza, and other allergies. [1] Typically, people take antihistamines as an inexpensive, generic (not patented) drug that can be bought without a prescription and provides relief from nasal congestion, sneezing, or hives caused by pollen, dust mites, or animal allergy with few side effects. [1]
Hydroxyzine works by blocking the effects of histamine. [9] It is a first-generation antihistamine in the piperazine family of chemicals. [8] [4] Common side effects include sleepiness, headache, and dry mouth. [8] [9] Serious side effects may include QT prolongation. [9] It is unclear if use during pregnancy or breastfeeding is safe. [8]
Infrequent adverse effects include urinary retention, palpitations, hypotension, headache, hallucination, psychosis and erectile dysfunction. [4] [6] [7] The newer, second-generation H 1-antihistamines are far more selective for peripheral histamine H 1-receptors and have a better tolerability profile compared to the first-generation agents ...
Clemastine is an antihistamine with anticholinergic and sedative effects. Antihistamines competitively bind to histamine receptor sites, thus reducing the neurotransmitter's effects. [9] Effects of histamine (which are countered by antihistamines) include: Increased capillary permeability; Increased capillary dilatation; Edema (i.e., swelling ...