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Sometimes, stucco would be used in molds to create more intricate designs. The architects would apply multiple layers of stucco to the walls and then afterwards press the carved molds, which were typically made out of hardwood, onto the stucco to cast the design on the wall. This also allowed for a more rapid recreation of complex designs. [30]
Banna'i brickwork in the Mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasavi.The blue brickwork spells out the names of Allah, Muhammad and Ali in square Kufic calligraphy.. In Iranian architecture, banna'i (Persian: بنائی, "builder's technique" in Persian) is an architectural decorative art in which glazed tiles are alternated with plain bricks to create geometric patterns over the surface of a wall or to ...
Various types of interlacing lozenge-like motifs are heavily featured on the surface of minarets starting in the Almohad period (12th–13th centuries) and are later found in other decoration such as carved stucco along walls in Marinid and Nasrid architecture, eventually becoming a standard feature in the western Islamic ornamental repertoire ...
Islamic ornament is the use of decorative forms and patterns in Islamic art and Islamic architecture. Its elements can be broadly divided into the arabesque , using curving plant-based elements, geometric patterns with straight lines or regular curves, and calligraphy , consisting of religious texts with stylized appearance, used both ...
The relatively abundant survivals of stucco reliefs from the walls of palaces (but not mosques) in Abbasid Samarra, the Islamic capital between 836 and 892, provide examples of three styles, Styles A, B, and C, though more than one of these may appear on the same wall, and their chronological sequence is not certain. [10]
The reception rooms of palaces at Samarra had carved or molded stucco dados decorating the lower part of the walls, and stucco also decorated door frames, wall-niches and arches, in three distinct styles. [19] Other palaces that have been excavated often have a domed central chamber surrounded by four iwans facing outward. [38]