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Extatosoma tiaratum, commonly known as the spiny leaf insect, the giant prickly stick insect, [2] Macleay's spectre, [3] or the Australian walking stick, is a large species of Australian stick insect. [4] [5] The species has the Phasmid Study Group number PSG9. [6]
Eurycantha calcarata typically reproduce through sexual reproduction and produce eggs that hatch 4.5-6.5 months later. When no males are present in the population, this stick insect exhibits parthenogenesis instead. Eggs are typically 8.2 mm in length and 4 mm wide, with a somewhat cylindrical shape.
Adult rice hispa die 5–6 days after inoculation, and white mycelial growth was observed over the surface of the insect. Infected adults become adhered to leaf surfaces, and after 7–10 days the entire surface of the adults is covered by the fungus. Infected eggs have a white powdery mass around it, surrounded by a yellow halo.
Phasmatodea eggs resemble seeds in shape and size and have hard shells. They have a lid-like structure called an operculum at the anterior pole, from which the nymph emerges during hatching. The eggs vary in the length of time before they hatch which varies from 13 to more than 70 days, with the average around 20 to 30 days. [15]
Both adults and nymphs of the spiny shieldbugs are predatory, feeding on the larvae of other insects, especially on leaf bugs, beetles, aphids and caterpillars. The choice of the prey depend on the season and availability of food. However both adults and nymphs also suck sap from plants. The female lays eggs on tree trunks and leaves.
A female leaf-footed bug, family Coreidae and tribe Acanthocephalini, deposits an egg before flying off. Coreidae is a large family of predominantly sap-sucking insects in the Hemipteran suborder Heteroptera. [1] The name "Coreidae" derives from the genus Coreus, which derives from the Ancient Greek κόρις (kóris) meaning bedbug. [2]
The spined soldier bug is a generalist predator that feeds on a wide range of insects, including many major crop pests—over 90 species across eight insect orders. [5] Some of its common prey include the larvae of the Mexican bean beetle , European corn borer , diamondback moth , corn earworm , and Colorado potato beetle . [ 8 ]
Adult leaf rolls are partial and ephemeral. Then adult female oviposits clutches of up to 8 eggs within these rolled leaf lamina. The incubation period of female is about 4 to 7 days. After hatching, neonate grubs start to migrate to the leaf axil base. Grub undergoes five larval instars which ranges about 11 days. Grubs feed on leaves by scraping.