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Extatosoma tiaratum, commonly known as the spiny leaf insect, the giant prickly stick insect, [2] Macleay's spectre, [3] or the Australian walking stick, is a large species of Australian stick insect. [4] [5] The species has the Phasmid Study Group number PSG9. [6]
Eurycantha calcarata typically reproduce through sexual reproduction and produce eggs that hatch 4.5-6.5 months later. When no males are present in the population, this stick insect exhibits parthenogenesis instead. Eggs are typically 8.2 mm in length and 4 mm wide, with a somewhat cylindrical shape.
Both adults and nymphs of the spiny shieldbugs are predatory, feeding on the larvae of other insects, especially on leaf bugs, beetles, aphids and caterpillars. The choice of the prey depend on the season and availability of food. However both adults and nymphs also suck sap from plants. The female lays eggs on tree trunks and leaves.
A female leaf-footed bug, family Coreidae and tribe Acanthocephalini, deposits an egg before flying off. Coreidae is a large family of predominantly sap-sucking insects in the Hemipteran suborder Heteroptera. [1] The name "Coreidae" derives from the genus Coreus, which derives from the Ancient Greek κόρις (kóris) meaning bedbug. [2]
The female uses her ovipositor to drill into plant material (or, in the case of Orussoidea, other insects) and then lays eggs in groups called rafts or pods. After hatching, larvae feed on plants, often in groups. As they approach adulthood, the larvae seek a protected spot to pupate, typically in bark or the soil.
In the wild, females lay eggs from summer through to autumn, with eggs hatching in a period of 11–24 months. [16] The body of female goliath stick insects becomes very large during the egg-laying period. [2] When eggs are laid, the female will ‘flick’ the egg outwards to the ground using her abdomen, this aids in egg dispersal.
Eggs are also often deposited on fully expanded leaves or mature leaves but larvae hatching from these leaves move to feed on young leaves. Larvae that fed on young leaves or fully expanded leaves were found to have significantly faster growth rate compared to others that fed on mature leaves.
Their eggs are brown/grey, oval shaped and are covered in small spines. Female stick insects lay their eggs on the ground, and they begin to hatch in spring when the weather warms. [9] Each individual will lay hundreds of eggs in its lifetime but all the eggs that are laid have a 99% mortality rate. [3] Hatchlings emerge as nymphs.