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Hairy leukoplakia is a white patch on the side of the tongue with a corrugated or hairy appearance. It is caused by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and occurs usually in persons who are immunocompromised , especially those with human immunodeficiency virus infection/ acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS).
Leukoplakia is, therefore, the most common premalignant lesion that occurs in the mouth. [41] Leukoplakia is more common in middle-aged and elderly males. [30] The prevalence increases with increasing age. [2] In areas of the world where smokeless tobacco use is common, there is a higher prevalence. [2]
Oral hairy leukoplakia (seen in people with immunosuppression, caused by Epstein–Barr virus) Oral candidiasis can affect the tongue. Risk factors for oral candidiasis include antibiotic and corticosteroid use, and immunodeficiency (e.g. HIV ), [ 5 ] or diabetes mellitus ).
The tongue is only one of the 10 ways you can see disease written all over your face. There are a whole host of other reasons for bumps on the tongue. Bumps on the tongue come in many other varieties.
"COVID tongue refers to a rare but well-described condition in acute infection where the taste buds are attacked and temporarily damaged by the virus," Dr. Yancey explains. COVID tongue symptoms vary.
There is a similarity between this appearance and that of hairy leukoplakia, linea alba and leukoedema. [2] In people with human immunodeficiency virus , who are at higher risk of oral hairy leukoplakia, a tissue biopsy may be required to differentiate between this and frictional keratosis from cheek and tongue chewing.
A hairy tongue may be an indication of Epstein Barr virus infection and is usually seen in those infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Other systemic diseases that can cause the tongue to form aphthous ulcers are: Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, Behcet's Syndrome, pemphigus vulgaris, herpes simplex, histoplasmosis, and reactive ...
HIV-SGD is more prevalent in HIV positive children than HIV positive adults, [4] at about 19% and 1% respectively. [1] Unlike other oral manifestations of HIV/AIDS such as Kaposi sarcoma, oral hairy leukoplakia and oral candidiasis, which decreased following the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), HIV-SGD has increased.