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The cavity magnetron is a high-power vacuum tube used in early radar systems and subsequently in microwave ovens and in linear particle accelerators. A cavity magnetron generates microwaves using the interaction of a stream of electrons with a magnetic field , while moving past a series of cavity resonators , which are small, open cavities in a ...
Electrically, this is similar to the two cavity oscillator klystron with considerable feedback between the two cavities. Electrons exiting the source cavity are velocity modulated by the electric field as they travel through the drift tube and emerge at the destination chamber in bunches, delivering power to the oscillation in the cavity.
Sir John Turton Randall, FRS FRSE [2] (23 March 1905 – 16 June 1984) was an English physicist and biophysicist, credited with radical improvement of the cavity magnetron, an essential component of centimetric wavelength radar, which was one of the keys to the Allied victory in the Second World War.
It was the first German radar to be based on the cavity magnetron, which eliminated the need for the large multiple dipole-based antenna arrays seen on earlier radars, thereby greatly increasing the performance of the night fighters. Introduced by Telefunken in April 1945, only about 25 units saw service.
FuG 224 Berlin A, and the contemporary FuG 240 Berlin N1 or Nachtjagd air interception radar, [1] [2] both made use of captured examples of the British cavity magnetron in the H2S radar. A H2S-equipped Short Stirling bomber had crashed near Rotterdam on the night of 2 February 1943. [3] This led to H2S being given the German codename Rotterdam ...
A microwave cavity or radio frequency cavity (RF cavity) is a special type of resonator, consisting of a closed (or largely closed) metal structure that confines electromagnetic fields in the microwave or RF region of the spectrum. The structure is either hollow or filled with dielectric material. The microwaves bounce back and forth between ...
He was the leader of a group working on the cavity magnetron from April 1940 in north-west London. [7] The cavity magnetron was producing power of around 500W (E1188 version). Eric Megaw changed the design, coating the cathode with oxides (E1189 version) [ 8 ] and eight segments from six, to increase the power to 100 kW by September 1940 ...
Original cavity magnetron, 1940. This was developed by John Randall (1905-1984) and Harry Boot (1917-1983) at Birmingham University. Radars that could produce clear images of distant objects played a decisive role in World War II, by bouncing powerful, ultra-short radio waves off their targets.