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The role of the AMH gene in reproductive development, is the production of a protein that contributes to male sex differentiation. During development of male foetuses, the AMH protein is secreted by cells within the testes. AMHs bind to the AMH Type 2 Receptors, which are present on cells on the surface of the Müllerian duct.
The absence of AMH results in the development of the paramesonephric ducts into the uterine tubes, uterus, and the upper 2/3 of the vagina. Disturbance in the development may result in uterine absence (Müllerian agenesis) or uterine malformations. The ducts develop into the upper vagina, uterus, and uterine tubes.
In the female, the paramesonephric ducts persist and undergo further development. The portions which lie in the genital cord [citation needed] fuse to form the uterus and vagina. This fusion of the paramesonephric ducts begins in the third month, and the septum formed by their fused medial walls disappears from below upward.
The Müllerian ducts only develop in the absence of anti-Müllerian hormone, where the Wolffian ducts regress. [citation needed] Development of the female reproductive tract begins at approximately week 8 of embryonic development, and development of the Müllerian duct system is typically complete by the end of the first trimester.
In the early stages of human development, a human embryo has the precursors of female (paramesonephric or Müllerian ducts) and male (mesonephric ducts or Wolffian) gonads. [2] If a Y chromosome is lacking, or defective as seen in Swyer syndrome , the embryo will reabsorb the mesonephric ducts and proceed with paramesonephric ducts, which give ...
The mesonephric duct, also known as the Wolffian duct, archinephric duct, Leydig's duct or nephric duct, is a paired organ that develops in the early stages of embryonic development in humans and other mammals. It is an important structure that plays a critical role in the formation of male reproductive organs.
Müllerian agenesis, also known as Müllerian aplasia, vaginal agenesis, or Mayer–Rokitansky–Küster–Hauser syndrome (MRKH syndrome), is a congenital malformation characterized by a failure of the Müllerian ducts to develop, resulting in a missing uterus and variable degrees of vaginal hypoplasia of its upper portion.
Embryos are formed with Wolffian and Mullerian ducts, which will either become the male or female reproductive tract, respectively. [8] In a male embryo, the testicular cords will induce the development of the Wolffian duct into the vas deferens, epididymis and the seminal vesicle and cause the repression and regression of the Mullerian duct. [4]