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Koch returned victorious, whereupon Pasteur switched research direction and began development of rabies vaccine. [6] As to public health, Koch's bacteriologists feuded with Max von Pettenkofer—whose miasmatic theory claimed the bacteria was but one causal factor among at least several—but von Pettenkoffer stubbornly opposed water treatment ...
Heinrich Hermann Robert Koch (/ k ɒ x / KOKH; [1] [2] German: [ˈʁoːbɛʁt ˈkɔx] ⓘ; 11 December 1843 – 27 May 1910) was a German physician and microbiologist.As the discoverer of the specific causative agents of deadly infectious diseases including tuberculosis, cholera and anthrax, he is regarded as one of the main founders of modern bacteriology.
The Standing Committee on Vaccination at the Robert Koch Institute (German: Ständige Impfkommission am Robert-Koch-Institut, German pronunciation: [ˈʃtɛndɪɡə ˈɪmp͡fkɔmɪˌsi̯oːn am ˌʁoːbɛʁt ˈkɔx ɪnstiˌtuːt] ⓘ), or STIKO (German pronunciation: ⓘ), is a scientific committee comprising 18 members at the Robert Koch Institute in Berlin, Germany that provides official ...
1870 – Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch establish the germ theory of disease. 1878 – Ellis Reynolds Shipp graduates from the Women's Medical College of Pennsylvania and begins practice in Utah. 1879 – First vaccine for cholera. 1881 – Louis Pasteur develops an anthrax vaccine. 1882 – Louis Pasteur develops a rabies vaccine.
Tuberculosis (TB) vaccines are vaccinations intended for the prevention of tuberculosis.Immunotherapy as a defence against TB was first proposed in 1890 by Robert Koch. [1] As of 2021, the only effective tuberculosis vaccine in common use is the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine, first used on humans in 1921.
By the early 19th century, the first vaccine, smallpox vaccination was commonplace in Europe, though doctors were unaware of how it worked or how to extend the principle to other diseases. A transitional period began in the late 1850s with the work of Louis Pasteur. This work was later extended by Robert Koch in the 1880s. By the end of that ...
Koch's postulates (/ k ɒ x / KOKH) [2] are four criteria designed to establish a causal relationship between a microbe and a disease. The postulates were formulated by Robert Koch and Friedrich Loeffler in 1884, based on earlier concepts described by Jakob Henle , and the statements were refined and published by Koch in 1890. [ 3 ]
This vaccine itself was initially blamed, until an inquiry headed by Bruno Lange of the Robert Koch Institute and Ludwig Lange of the Ministry of Health identified contamination as the cause. The event later became known as the Lübeck disaster, [1] [2] or in German, the Lübecker Impfunglück (Lübeck vaccine disaster).