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Contemporary Somali views on the ancient religion vary from aversiveness, to a perception that its monotheistic aspects ameliorated conversions to Abrahamic religions over the course of the 1st and 2nd millennium, to an intuition that some Waaqist practises linger within Somali culture in the form of syncretism.
Religion, Siad Barre said, was an integral part of the Somali worldview, but it belonged in the private sphere, whereas scientific socialism dealt with material concerns such as poverty. Religious leaders should exercise their moral influence but refrain from interfering in political or economic matters. Eid al-Fitr prayers in Baidoa, Somalia, 2014
Current (December 2024) political and military control in ongoing Somali Civil War (2009–present). Freedom of religion in Somalia refers to the extent to which people in Somalia are freely able to practice their religious beliefs, taking into account government policies, non-state actors, and societal attitudes toward religious groups.
The Somali people in pre-Islamic times are believed to have adhered to a complex monotheistic belief system superseded by a single all-powerful figure called Eebbe/Waaq. Religious temples dating from antiquity known as Taallo were the centers where important ceremonies were held led by a Wadaad priest.
Many of the Somali social norms come from their religion. For example, most Somali women wear a hijab when they are in public. In addition, religious Somalis abstain from pork and alcohol, and also try to avoid receiving or paying any form of interest . Muslims generally congregate on Friday afternoons for a sermon and group prayer. [320]
The constitution of Somalia likewise defines Islam as the religion of the Somali Republic, and Islamic Sharia as the basic source for national legislation. [ 22 ] Although Somali women were initially excluded from the many male-dominated religious orders, the all-female institution Abay Siti was formed in the late 19th century, incorporating ...
The word Waaqeffanna is derived from Waaq which is the ancient name for Creator in various Cushitic languages including the Oromo people and Somali people. [2] [3] [4] The followers of the Waaqeffanna religion are called Waaqeffataa and they believe in the supreme being Waaqa Tokkicha (the one God). [5]
In Oromo and Somali culture, Waaq, Waaqa or Waaqo was the name of God in their pre-Christian and pre-Muslim monotheistic faith believed to have been adhered to by Cushitic groups. [16] It was likely brought to the Horn by speakers of the Proto-Cushitic language who arrived from North Sudan in the Neolithic era. [2]