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However, in common English the term has mostly been used to describe the four most well-known routes of injection. A peripheral IV placed on the hand. A medical professional performs an intradermal (ID) injection. The term injection encompasses intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), subcutaneous (SC) and intradermal (ID) administration. [35]
Parenteral nutrition (PN), or intravenous feeding, is the feeding of nutritional products to a person intravenously, [1] bypassing the usual process of eating and digestion. The products are made by pharmaceutical compounding entities or standard pharmaceutical companies.
Administration can take place via enteral administration (absorption of the drug through the gastrointestinal tract) [2] or parenteral administration (generally injection, infusion, or implantation). [3] [4] Contrast with topical administration where the effect is generally local. [4]
Common routes of administration include oral, parenteral (injected), sublingual, topical, transdermal, nasal, ocular, rectal, and vaginal, however, drug delivery is not limited to these routes and there may be several ways to deliver medications through other routes. [12]
Intraperitoneal injection or IP injection is the injection of a substance into the peritoneum (body cavity). It is more often applied to non-human animals than to humans. In general, it is preferred when large amounts of blood replacement fluids are needed or when low blood pressure or other problems prevent the use of a suitable blood vessel for intravenous injection.
Iron in parenteral iron preparation needs to be released by the cleavage of the surrounding complex by macrophages. [4] After reaching the bloodstream, it becomes a part of the endogenous iron pool and establishes normal human iron distribution, metabolism, and elimination .
Intravenous therapy (abbreviated as IV therapy) is a medical technique that administers fluids, medications and nutrients directly into a person's vein.The intravenous route of administration is commonly used for rehydration or to provide nutrients for those who cannot, or will not—due to reduced mental states or otherwise—consume food or water by mouth.
Intrathecal administration is a route of administration for drugs via an injection into the spinal canal, or into the subarachnoid space so that it reaches the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). It is useful in several applications, such as for spinal anesthesia, chemotherapy, or pain management. This route is also used to introduce drugs that fight ...