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The Formation of Vegetable Mould Through the Action of Worms, with Observations on their Habits (sometimes shortened to Worms) is an 1881 book by Charles Darwin on earthworms. [1] It was his last scientific book, and was published shortly before his death (see Darwin from Insectivorous Plants to Worms). Exploring earthworm behaviour and ecology ...
Shortly after the Publication of The Formation of Vegetable Mould Through the Action of Worms, Linley Sambourne's cartoon Man Is But a Worm was published in Punch's Almanack. It depicts the evolution of the worm into the human – in this case, the English gentleman – as a means of ridiculing Darwin's theory.
The earliest work related to biogeomorphology was Charles Darwin's 1881 book titled The Formation of Vegetable Mould through the Action of Worms. [5] [6] Although the field of biogeomorphology had not yet been named, Darwin's work represents the earliest examination of a faunal organism influencing landscape process and form. [6]
1881: The Formation of Vegetable Mould through the Action of Worms (corrections by Francis Darwin in 1882) 2009 (posthumous collection): Charles Darwin's shorter publications 1829-1883, with a foreword by Janet Browne & Jim Secord (edited by John van Wyhe)
"Man is But a Worm", including a caricature of Darwin, from the 1882 Punch almanac. It was published soon after Darwin's last book The Formation of Vegetable Mould through the Action of Worms. 1881 (copied in 1883) John Collier: A copy made by John Collier in 1883 of his 1881 portrait of Charles Darwin.
Darwin also drew attention to the similarities between animals and plants, e.g., sensitivity to touch (thigmotropism), light sensitivity (phototropism), and gravity . Darwin used various methods of enquiry: usually setting up rigorous controlled experiments which are clearly explained in the text, reporting the results and then drawing general ...
Genetic analysis has revealed that horsehair worms, of the phylum Nematomorpha, took an evolutionary detour that cost them about 30% of genes found in other animals.
In 1871, he examined human evolution and sexual selection in The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex, followed by The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals (1872). His research on plants was published in a series of books, and in his final book, The Formation of Vegetable Mould, through the Actions of Worms (1881), he ...