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The Magisterium: Teaching Authority in the Catholic Church. Wipf and Stock Publishers. ISBN 1-59244-060-6. Tierney, Brian (1972). Origins of Papal Infallibility, 1150–1350: A Study on the Concepts of Infallibility, Sovereignty and Tradition in the Middle Ages. E.J. Brill. ISBN 90-04-08884-9. Harkianakis, Stylianos (2008).
The infallibility of the Church is the belief that the Holy Spirit preserves the Christian Church from errors that would contradict its essential doctrines. It is related to, but not the same as, indefectibility, that is, "she remains and will remain the Institution of Salvation, founded by Christ, until the end of the world ."
Papal primacy, also known as the primacy of the bishop of Rome, is an ecclesiological doctrine in the Catholic Church concerning the respect and authority that is due to the pope from other bishops and their episcopal sees.
The Catholic doctrine of the sedes apostolica (apostolic see) states that every bishop of Rome, as Peter's successor, possesses the full authority granted to this position, so that this power is inviolable on the grounds that it was established by God himself and not bound to any individual. Leo I (440-461), with the aid of Roman law ...
As a result, most clerics lost hope of a return of the former temporal power of the Bishop of Rome. Some, primarily Italian, clergy suggested an ecumenical council to dogmatically define papal infallibility as an article of faith, binding upon the consciences of all Catholic
Catholic ecclesiastics of several countries gathered in Rome for the council. There was stronger opposition to the draft constitution on the nature of the church, which at first did not include the question of papal infallibility, [3] but the majority party in the council, whose position on this matter was much stronger, [11] brought it
Catholic and Eastern Orthodox theology claim that the Church is infallible, but disagree as to where infallibility exists, whether in doctrines, scripture, or church authorities. In Catholic theology, Jesus , who is the Truth, is infallible, [ 2 ] but only a special act of teaching by the church's bishops may properly be called "infallible".
Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church § Papal authority; Ignaz von Döllinger § Papal authority; Ultramontanism § Position of other apostolic churches; Papal infallibility § Objections; Old Catholic Church § First Vatican Council, Old Catholic Union of Utrecht; Sedevacantism; Josip Juraj Strossmayer § Catholic diplomacy