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Representation of consciousness from the 17th century by Robert Fludd, an English Paracelsian physician. Consciousness, at its simplest, is awareness of internal and external existence. [1] However, its nature has led to millennia of analyses, explanations, and debate by philosophers, scientists, and theologians. Opinions differ about what ...
The Nine Consciousness is a concept in Buddhism, specifically in Nichiren Buddhism, [1] that theorizes there are nine levels that comprise a person's experience of life. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It fundamentally draws on how people's physical bodies react to the external world, then considers the inner workings of the mind which result in a person's actions.
Stanislav "Stan" Grof (born July 1, 1931) is a Czech born American psychiatrist.Grof is one of the principal developers of transpersonal psychology and research into the use of non-ordinary states of consciousness for purposes of psychological healing, deep self-exploration, and obtaining growth and insights into the human psyche.
The Eight Consciousnesses (Skt. aṣṭa vijñānakāyāḥ [1]) is a classification developed in the tradition of the Yogācāra school of Mahayana Buddhism.They enumerate the five sense consciousnesses, supplemented by the mental consciousness (manovijñāna), the defiled mental consciousness (kliṣṭamanovijñāna [2]), and finally the fundamental store-house consciousness ...
Through factor analysis from 1945 to 1948, he created 11 or 12 factor solutions. [39] [40] [41] In 1947, Hans Eysenck of University College London published his book Dimensions of Personality. He posited that the two most important personality dimensions were "Extraversion" and "Neuroticism", a term that he coined. [42]
It also refers to the four functions of the mind, namely the manas (the mind or lower mind), buddhi (the intellect or higher mind), chitta (memory, or, consciousness), and ahamkara (ego, or, I-maker). [1] Antaḥkaraṇa has also been called the link between the middle and higher mind, the reincarnating part of the mind. [2]
Models of consciousness are used to illustrate and aid in understanding and explaining distinctive aspects of consciousness. Sometimes the models are labeled theories of consciousness . Anil Seth defines such models as those that relate brain phenomena such as fast irregular electrical activity and widespread brain activation to properties of ...
They are divided into the Six Realms (六道), followed by higher states of enlightened consciousness that lead to final Buddhahood. The Six Realms are: Hell (地獄道), the Hungry Ghosts or pretas (餓鬼道), the Beasts (畜生道), the Titans or Asuras (修羅道), Humans (人道) and lastly Heaven, or the realm of the gods (天道).