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Logical access controls enforce access control measures for systems, programs, processes, and information. The controls can be embedded within operating systems, applications, add-on security packages, or database and telecommunication management systems.
For example, controls can be classified by how/when/where they act relative to a security breach (sometimes termed control types): Preventive controls are intended to prevent an incident from occurring e.g. by locking out unauthorized intruders;
Logical security consists of software [1] safeguards for an organization's systems, including user identification and password access, authenticating, access rights and authority levels. These measures are to ensure that only authorized users are able to perform actions or access information in a network or a workstation.
Source code/document version control procedures - controls designed to protect the integrity of program code; Software development life cycle standards - controls designed to ensure IT projects are effectively managed. Logical access policies, standards and processes - controls designed to manage access based on business needs.
Health information management's standards history is dated back to the introduction of the American Health Information Management Association, founded in 1928 "when the American College of Surgeons established the Association of Record Librarians of North America (ARLNA) to 'elevate the standards of clinical records in hospitals and other medical institutions.'" [3]
Attribute-based access control (ABAC), also known as policy-based access control for IAM, defines an access control paradigm whereby a subject's authorization to perform a set of operations is determined by evaluating attributes associated with the subject, object, requested operations, and, in some cases, environment attributes.
In computer security, general access control includes identification, authorization, authentication, access approval, and audit.A more narrow definition of access control would cover only access approval, whereby the system makes a decision to grant or reject an access request from an already authenticated subject, based on what the subject is authorized to access.
Common physical security access control with a finger print A sailor checks an identification card (ID) before allowing a vehicle to enter a military installation.. In physical security and information security, access control (AC) is the selective restriction of access to a place or other resource, while access management describes the process.