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The first phase, Analysis, computes all the necessary information from the logfile. The Redo phase restores the database to the exact state at the crash, including all the changes of uncommitted transactions that were running at that point in time. The Undo phase then undoes all uncommitted changes, leaving the database in a consistent state.
One technique for evaluating database security involves performing vulnerability assessments or penetration tests against the database. Testers attempt to find security vulnerabilities that could be used to defeat or bypass security controls, break into the database, compromise the system etc. Database administrators or information security administrators may for example use automated ...
According to the model, the protection state of a computer system can be abstracted as a set of objects , that is the set of entities that needs to be protected (e.g. processes, files, memory pages) and a set of subjects , that consists of all active entities (e.g. users, processes).
Encryption can be employed to enhance the security of data stored in a database by converting the information into an unreadable format using an algorithm. The encrypted data can only be accessed and deciphered with a decryption key, ensuring that even if the database is compromised, the information remains confidential.
The name is a three-letter acronym for DataBase Manager, and can also refer to the family of database engines with APIs and features derived from the original dbm. The dbm library stores arbitrary data by use of a single key (a primary key) in fixed-size buckets and uses hashing techniques to enable fast retrieval of the data by key.
Attributes can be data, user, session or tools based to deliver the greatest level of flexibility in dynamically granting/denying access to a specific data element. On big data, and distributed file systems such as Hadoop, ABAC applied at the data layer control access to folder, sub-folder, file, sub-file and other granular.
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The changes are first recorded in the log, which must be written to stable storage, before the changes are written to the database. [2] The main functionality of a write-ahead log can be summarized as: [3] Allow the page cache to buffer updates to disk-resident pages while ensuring durability semantics in the larger context of a database system.