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LA Gear is an example of company that uses product departmentalization. Its structure is based on its varied product lines which include women’s footwear etc. Customer departmentalization - Grouping activities on the basis of common customers or types of customers. Jobs may be grouped according to the type of customer served by the organization.
Departmentalization is the basis on which individuals are grouped into departments and departments into total organizations. Approach options include: Functional - By common skills and work task. Divisional - Common product, program or geographical location. Matrix - Combination of Functional and Divisional. Team - To accomplish specific tasks.
For example, new product development traditionally ranks as a tactical procedure. It gets strategic direction from top management, and uses operational departments like engineering and marketing to perform its task. But a new product development team would consist of people from the operational departments and often someone from top management.
Example of a functional hybrid organizational chart. An organizational chart, also called organigram, organogram, or organizational breakdown structure (OBS), is a diagram that shows the structure of an organization and the relationships and relative ranks of its parts and positions/jobs. The term is also used for similar diagrams, for example ...
The M-form, or multi-divisional form, originated in the early 20th century, and was most quickly adopted and taken advantage of in the US. While it was first utilized in specific industries like the petroleum and some technology companies in the 1950s, by the 1960s many large American companies had already implemented the M-form.
For example, a company should not use the same system to build missiles as it uses to build airplanes, nor the same system to sell insurance as the one originally designed to sell magazines. However, it should be possible to modify an existing system to produce different sizes, varieties, or types of the same product or service.
A 1932 Pontiac. Established in 1926 as a companion of Oakland, it was the first marque released as part of the companion make program. Sloan, who had replaced du Pont as GM president in 1923, [18] decided to create various "companion makes" to fill the variety of gaps that had developed in the original pricing hierarchy. [19]
Coca-Cola Enterprises was a marketer, producer, and distributor of Coca-Cola products. It was formerly the anchor bottler for Western Europe and most of North America.. Coca-Cola Enterprises' products included Coca-Cola, Diet Coke, Coke Zero, Sprite, Fanta, Capri-Sun, Dr Pepper, Chaudfontaine, Schweppes, [6] Monster and Relentless.