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  2. Microsoft Office password protection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Office_password...

    In Excel and Word 95 and prior editions a weak protection algorithm is used that converts a password to a 16-bit verifier and a 16-byte XOR obfuscation array [1] key. [4] Hacking software is now readily available to find a 16-byte key and decrypt the password-protected document. [5] Office 97, 2000, XP and 2003 use RC4 with 40 bits. [4]

  3. TLS-PSK - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TLS-PSK

    The second set use a Diffie–Hellman key exchange authenticated with a pre-shared key. The third set combine public key authentication of the server with pre-shared key authentication of the client. Usually, Transport Layer Security (TLS) uses public key certificates or Kerberos for authentication. TLS-PSK uses symmetric keys, shared in ...

  4. Authorization certificate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Authorization_certificate

    The authorization certificate works in conjunction with a public key certificate (PKC). While the PKC is issued by a certificate authority (CA) and is used as a proof of identity of its holder like a passport, the authorization certificate is issued by an attribute authority (AA) and is used to characterize or entitle its holder like a visa ...

  5. Certificate-based encryption - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Certificate-based_encryption

    Certificate-based encryption is a system in which a certificate authority uses ID-based cryptography to produce a certificate. This system gives the users both implicit and explicit certification, the certificate can be used as a conventional certificate (for signatures, etc.), but also implicitly for the purpose of encryption.

  6. Protected Extensible Authentication Protocol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protected_Extensible...

    PEAP is similar in design to EAP-TTLS, requiring only a server-side PKI certificate to create a secure TLS tunnel to protect user authentication, and uses server-side public key certificates to authenticate the server. It then creates an encrypted TLS tunnel between the client and the authentication server. In most configurations, the keys for ...

  7. Microsoft Excel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Excel

    A chart created with data from a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet that only saves the chart. To save the chart and spreadsheet save as .XLS. XLC is not supported in Excel 2007 or in any newer versions of Excel. Dialog .xld: Used in older versions of Excel. Archive .xlk: A backup of an Excel Spreadsheet Add-in (DLL) .xll

  8. Enrollment over Secure Transport - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enrollment_over_Secure...

    The Enrollment over Secure Transport, or EST is a cryptographic protocol that describes an X.509 certificate management protocol targeting public key infrastructure (PKI) clients that need to acquire client certificates and associated certificate authority (CA) certificates. EST is described in RFC 7030.

  9. Mutual authentication - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutual_authentication

    Mutual authentication is a desired characteristic in verification schemes that transmit sensitive data, in order to ensure data security. [1] [2] Mutual authentication can be accomplished with two types of credentials: usernames and passwords, and public key certificates. Mutual authentication is often employed in the Internet of Things (IoT ...

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    certificate based encryptionmicrosoft certificate encryption