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The Viking Age in Estonia was a period in the history of Estonia, part of the Viking Age (793–1066 AD). [1] It was not a unified country at the time, and the area of Ancient Estonia was divided among loosely allied regions. [ 2 ]
In Viking Age literature, the inhabitants were often included under the name "Vikings from Estonia", [2] as written by Saxo Grammaticus in the late 12th century. The earliest known use of the word in the form of "Oeselians" in writing was by Henry of Livonia in the 13th century.
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 26 January 2025. Period of European history (about 800–1050) Viking Age picture stone, Gotland, Sweden. Part of a series on Scandinavia Countries Denmark Finland Iceland Norway Sweden History History by country Åland Denmark Faroe Islands Finland Greenland Iceland Norway Scotland Sweden Chronological ...
Saaremaa was the wealthiest county of ancient Estonia [citation needed] and the home of notorious pirates, sometimes called the Eastern Vikings. The Chronicle of Henry of Livonia describes a fleet of sixteen ships and 500 Osilians ravaging the area that is now southern Sweden , then belonging to Denmark .
Estonia constitutes one of the richest territories in the Baltic for hoards from the 11th and the 12th centuries. The earliest coin hoards found in Estonia are Arabic Dirhams from the 8th century. The largest Viking Age hoards found in Estonia have been at Maidla and Kose. Out of the 1500 coins published in catalogues, 1000 are Anglo-Saxon. [21]
The Duchy of Estonia [1] (Estonian: Eestimaa hertsogkond, Danish: Hertugdømmet Estland [2] Latin: Ducatus Estoniae [3]), also known as Danish Estonia, was a direct dominion (Latin: dominium directum) of the King of Denmark from 1219 until 1346 when it was sold to the Teutonic Order and became part of the Ordensstaat.
Vikings under Leif Erikson, heir to Erik the Red, reached North America and set up short-lived settlements in present-day L'Anse aux Meadows, Newfoundland, Canada. This expansion occurred during the Medieval Warm Period. [66] Viking expansion into continental Europe was limited. Their realm was bordered by powerful tribes to the south.
Viking expansion was the historical movement which led Norse explorers, traders and warriors, the latter known in modern scholarship as Vikings, to sail most of the North Atlantic, reaching south as far as North Africa and east as far as Russia, and through the Mediterranean as far as Constantinople and the Middle East, acting as looters, traders, colonists and mercenaries.