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Hyaline cartilage is the glass-like and translucent cartilage found on many joint surfaces. It is also most commonly found in the ribs , nose, larynx , and trachea . [ 1 ] Hyaline cartilage is pearl-gray in color, with a firm consistency and has a considerable amount of collagen.
Isogenous groups differentiate into individual chondrocytes where they continue to produce and deposit extracellular matrix (ECM), lengthening the cartilage and increasing its diameter. [3] [5] This is termed interstitial growth and is one of only two ways cartilage can grow. [4] Cartoon representation of hyaline cartilage with isogenous groups.
Hyaline cartilage is named after its glassy appearance on fresh gross pathology. [3] On light microscopy of H&E stained slides, the extracellular matrix of hyaline cartilage looks homogeneously pink, and the term "hyaline" is used to describe similarly homogeneously pink material besides the cartilage.
The vomeronasal cartilage is a thin piece of hyaline cartilage that attaches to the vomer and extends to the septal nasal cartilage. [10] This structure is associated with the vomeronasal organ, which is part of the accessory olfactory system. This associated organ plays an important role in the sense of smell by being lined with similar ...
An ossification center is a point where ossification of the hyaline cartilage begins. The first step in ossification is that the chondrocytes at this point become hypertrophic and arrange themselves in rows. [1] The matrix in which they are imbedded increases in quantity, so that the cells become further separated from each other.
The costal cartilages, also known as rib cartilage, are bars of hyaline cartilage [1] that serve to prolong the ribs forward and contribute to the elasticity of the walls of the thorax. Costal cartilage is only found at the anterior ends of the ribs, providing medial extension.
Cartilage is a thin, elastic tissue that protects the bone and makes certain that the joint surfaces can slide easily over each other. Cartilage ensures supple knee movement. There are two types of joint cartilage in the knees: fibrous cartilage (the meniscus) and hyaline cartilage. Fibrous cartilage has tensile strength and can resist pressure.
Also adventitia, which is the outermost layer of connective tissue that surrounds the hyaline cartilage, contributes to the trachea's ability to bend and stretch with movement. [ 4 ] Although trachea is a midline structure, it can be displaced normally to the right by the aortic arch.