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"Records in archives possess unique characteristics. "The principle of respect des fonds is the basis of archival arrangement and description. "Arrangement involves the identification of groupings within the material. "Description reflects arrangement. "The rules of description apply to all archival materials, regardless of form or medium.
The Rules for Archival Description (RAD) is the Canadian archival descriptive standard. It provides a set of rules based on traditional archival principles, whose purpose is to provide a consistent and commonly shared descriptive foundation for describing archival materials within a given fonds. [ 1 ]
The UNESCO Archives are also organized using a method known as archival description in the archives database AtoM for archival description. The archival description standard used by UNESCO Archives in AtoM is the General International Standard for Archival Description (ISAD (G)).
For example, archival descriptions will always proceed from the general to the specific. We see this reflected in the levels of description , which categorise archival material similarly to how taxonomic rank groups organisms from the general to the specific.
A bibliographic description represents an individual published item, is based on and derived from the physical item, and is thus considered item-level. [3] Archival description, by contrast, represents a collection, or a fonds, often containing individual items of various media, sharing a common origin, or provenance. [12]
Encoded Archival Context – Corporate bodies, Persons and Families (EAC-CPF) is an XML standard for encoding information about the creators of archival materials – i.e., a corporate body, person or family -- including their relationships to (a) resources (books, collections, papers, etc.) and (b) other corporate bodies, persons and families.
Resource Description and Access (RDA) is a standard for descriptive cataloging initially released in June 2010, [1] providing instructions and guidelines on formulating bibliographic data. Intended for use by libraries and other cultural organizations such as museums and archives, RDA is the successor to Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules ...
MARC (machine-readable cataloging) is a standard set of digital formats for the machine-readable description of items catalogued by libraries, such as books, DVDs, and digital resources. Computerized library catalogs and library management software need to structure their catalog records as per an industry-wide standard, which is MARC, so that ...