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A map of California tribal groups and languages at the time of European contact. The Indigenous peoples of California are the Indigenous inhabitants who have previously lived or currently live within the current boundaries of California before and after the arrival of Europeans.
Winnemem Wintu chief Caleen Sisk in 2009 A representation of a Pomo dancer, painting by Grace Hudson. Indigenous peoples of California, commonly known as Indigenous Californians or Native Californians, are a diverse group of nations and peoples that are indigenous to the geographic area within the current boundaries of California before and after European colonization.
Map of the Costanoan languages and major villages. Over 50 villages and tribes of the Ohlone (also known as Costanoan) Native American people have been identified as existing in Northern California circa 1769 in the regions of the San Francisco Peninsula, Santa Clara Valley, East Bay, Santa Cruz Mountains, Monterey Bay and Salinas Valley.
Like many other California tribes, the Maidu were primarily hunters and gatherers and did not farm. They practiced grooming of their gathering grounds, with fire as a primary tool for this purpose. They tended local groves of oak trees to maximize production of acorns , which were their principal dietary staple after being processed and prepared.
Map - external link: Native Tribes, Groups, Language Families, and Dialects of California in 1770 "Information About California Tribes" Northern California Indian Development Council Map all coordinates using OpenStreetMap
Map of the Eel River drainage basin Athapaskan languages in California. The Eel River Athapaskans include the Wailaki , Lassik , Nongatl , and Sinkyone (Sinkine) groups of Native Americans that traditionally live in present-day Mendocino, Trinity, and Humboldt counties on or near the Eel River and Van Duzen River of northwestern California .
Larisa Miller documented [5] how the Northern California Indian Association (NCIA) petitioned President Roosevelt in 1903 to buy federal lands for thousands of homeless Indians across the state because "title and ownership to this beautiful land have never been extinguished." Their campaign led to the rediscovery of the 18 Treaties that were ...
The Wintu and Their Neighbors: A Very Small World-system in Northern California. University of Arizona Press, Tucson. ISBN 0-8165-1800-9. Cook, Sherburne F. (1976), The Conflict between the California Indian and White Civilization (1st ed.), Berkeley: University of California Press, ISBN 978-0-52-003143-2; Cook, Sherburne F. (1976).