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This article describes the calling conventions used when programming x86 architecture microprocessors.. Calling conventions describe the interface of called code: The order in which atomic (scalar) parameters, or individual parts of a complex parameter, are allocated
In a programming language, an evaluation strategy is a set of rules for evaluating expressions. [1] The term is often used to refer to the more specific notion of a parameter-passing strategy [2] that defines the kind of value that is passed to the function for each parameter (the binding strategy) [3] and whether to evaluate the parameters of a function call, and if so in what order (the ...
How return values are delivered from the callee back to the caller. Options include on the stack, in a register, or reference to something allocated on the heap. How long or complex values are handled, perhaps by splitting across multiple registers, within the stack frame, or with reference to memory.
In addition, swapping two variables in object-oriented languages such as C++ may involve one call to the class constructor and destructor for the temporary variable, and three calls to the copy constructor. Some classes may allocate memory in the constructor and deallocate it in the destructor, thus creating expensive calls to the system.
This is a list of the instructions in the instruction set of the Common Intermediate Language bytecode. Opcode abbreviated from operation code is the portion of a machine language instruction that specifies the operation to be performed. Base instructions form a Turing-complete instruction set.
In the C++ Standard Library, several algorithms use unqualified calls to swap from within the std namespace. As a result, the generic std::swap function is used if nothing else is found, but if these algorithms are used with a third-party class, Foo, found in another namespace that also contains swap(Foo&, Foo&), that overload of swap will be used.
In case of call by value, what is passed to the function is the value of the argument – for example, f(2) and a = 2; f(a) are equivalent calls – while in call by reference, with a variable as argument, what is passed is a reference to that variable - even though the syntax for the function call could stay the same. [5]
Many C compilers support using compare-and-swap either with the C11 <stdatomic.h> functions, [8] or some non-standard C extension of that particular C compiler, [9] or by calling a function written directly in assembly language using the compare-and-swap instruction. The following C function shows the basic behavior of a compare-and-swap ...