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  2. Curtain wall (architecture) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curtain_wall_(architecture)

    A louver is provided in an area where mechanical equipment located inside the building requires ventilation or fresh air to operate. They can also serve as a means of allowing outside air to filter into the building to take advantage of favorable climatic conditions and minimize the usage of energy-consuming HVAC systems. Curtain wall systems ...

  3. Ventilation (architecture) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ventilation_(architecture)

    If they are located closely together, supply air may mix with stale air, decreasing the efficiency of the HVAC system, and creating air quality problems. System imbalances occur when components of the HVAC system are improperly adjusted or installed and can create pressure differences (too much-circulating air creating a draft or too little ...

  4. Plenum space - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plenum_space

    Vertical section through a commercial building using HVAC plenum instead of airspace plenum. When both the supply and return ducts are constructed in this manner, it is possible to insulate the ducts and the dropped ceiling so that the upper airspace is not heated or cooled, increasing energy efficiency.

  5. Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heating,_ventilation,_and...

    Clean air delivery rate (CADR) is the amount of clean air an air cleaner provides to a room or space. When determining CADR, the amount of airflow in a space is taken into account. For example, an air cleaner with a flow rate of 30 cubic metres (1,000 cu ft) per minute and an efficiency of 50% has a CADR of 15 cubic metres (500 cu ft) per minute.

  6. Displacement ventilation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Displacement_ventilation

    Displacement ventilation is best suited for taller spaces (higher than 3 meters [10 feet]). [2] Standard mixing ventilation may be better suited for smaller spaces where air quality is not as great a concern, such as single-occupant offices, and where the room height is not tall (e.g., lower than 2.3 meters [7.5 feet]).

  7. Ventilation shaft - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ventilation_shaft

    Chipping Sodbury Tunnel ventilation shaft Swan St. ventilation shaft on the Burnley Tunnel Ventilation shafts of the Velser tunnel, the Netherlands. In subterranean civil engineering, ventilation shafts, also known as airshafts or vent shafts, are vertical passages used in mines and tunnels to move fresh air underground, and to remove stale air.

  8. Air gap (plumbing) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_gap_(plumbing)

    An air gap, as related to the plumbing trade, is the unobstructed vertical space between the water outlet and the flood level of a fixture. [1] Air gaps of appropriate design are legally required by water health and safety regulations in many countries. An air gap is the simplest form of a backflow prevention device.

  9. Louver - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louver

    Modern louvers are often made of aluminum, metal, wood, or glass.They may be opened and closed with a metal lever, pulleys, or through motorized operators. [3]The Australian Standard specifies requirements for the construction of buildings using louver in bushfire-prone areas in order to improve their resistance to bushfire attack from burning embers, radiant heat, flame contact and ...