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Encephalitis lethargica is an atypical form of encephalitis.Also known as "sleeping sickness" or "sleepy sickness" (distinct from tsetse fly–transmitted sleeping sickness), it was first described in 1917 by neurologist Constantin von Economo [2] [3] and pathologist Jean-René Cruchet. [4]
Encephalitis with meningitis is known as meningoencephalitis, while encephalitis with involvement of the spinal cord is known as encephalomyelitis. [ 2 ] The word is from Ancient Greek ἐγκέφαλος , enképhalos 'brain', [ 37 ] composed of ἐν , en , 'in' and κεφαλή , kephalé , 'head', and the medical suffix -itis 'inflammation'.
It has seen a number of child deaths since 1978, when the first encephalitis outbreak in the Gorakhpur region. During 1978–2017, around 25,000 children have died of encephalitis. [5] As of 3 September 2017, 1,317 children had died in the hospital during 2017. The number of deaths has sharply declined compared to the previous years. [2]
Encephalitis lethargica is a neurological syndrome that causes lethargy, a “mask like” face, excessive blood in the meninges, and other general neurological symptoms. [5] Officially recognized as its own condition in 1917, it is believed to have existed far longer in human history. [ 5 ]
The latter two have appeared in epidemic form in the United States and are characterized by high fever, prolonged coma (which is responsible for the disease being known as a "sleeping sickness"), and convulsions sometimes followed by death. Encephalitis that results as a complication of another systemic infection is known as parainfectious ...
Acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE) or sometimes necrotizing encephalitis or infection-induced acute encephalopathy (IIAE) is a rare type of brain disease (encephalopathy) that occurs following a viral infection. [4] Most commonly, it develops secondary to infection with influenza A, influenza B, and the human herpes virus 6. ANE can be ...
Historically, starting in 1917 an epidemic of encephalitis lethargica, also called von Economo's encephalitis or "sleepy-disease" occurred, possibly related to the 1918 Spanish flu pandemic; however, even with the use of modern molecular diagnostic tests on appropriate corpses, no firm link between encephalitis lethargica and influenza has been ...
One of the first instances in which an infectious disease was associated with klazomania was the notable pandemic of the encephalitis lethargica from 1916 to 1927. [1] This pandemic also gave rise to observations of other tics that came to be associated with encephalitis lethargica such as complex vocalizations of blocking, echolalia, palilalia ...