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Synucleinopathies (also called α-Synucleinopathies) are neurodegenerative diseases characterised by the abnormal accumulation of aggregates of alpha-synuclein protein in neurons, nerve fibres or glial cells. [1] There are three main types of synucleinopathy: Parkinson's disease (PD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and multiple system atrophy ...
Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor may have the ability to chemoprotect the cells of the substantia nigra. A small study is (2017) in the recruitment stage for participants who will undergo AAV2-GDNF gene transfer via surgical infusion into their brains, in the hope of ameliorating Parkinson's symptoms.
Alpha-synuclein is a synuclein protein primarily found in neural tissue, making up as much as one percent of all proteins in the cytosol of brain cells. [17] It is expressed highly in neurons within the frontal cortex, hippocampus, striatum, and olfactory bulb, [17] but can also be found in the non-neuronal glial cells. [18]
Parkinson's disease (PD) is primarily caused by the gradual degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the region known as the substantia nigra along with other monoaminergic cell groups throughout the brainstem, [2] increased activation of microglia, and the build-up of Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites, which are proteins found in surviving ...
Glomus cells are derived from the neural crest and secrete dopamine in response to hypoxemia (low level of oxygen in the blood). [10] Based on their ability to secrete dopamine and also glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), [11] these cells have been investigated as an intrastriatal autograft therapy for patients with Parkinson's disease.
One of the gene therapy based approach involves gene delivery of neurturin and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) to the putamen in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease. [79] GDNF protects dopamine neurons in vitro and animal models of parkinsonism; neurturin is a structural and functional analogue of GDNF that protected ...
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