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Flowcharts are used to design and document simple processes or programs. Like other types of diagrams, they help visualize the process. Two of the many benefits are flaws and bottlenecks may become apparent. Flowcharts typically use the following main symbols: A process step, usually called an activity, is denoted by a rectangular box.
The process (function, transformation) is part of a system that transforms inputs to outputs. The symbol of a process is a circle, an oval, a rectangle or a rectangle with rounded corners (according to the type of notation). The process is named in one word, a short sentence, or a phrase that is clearly to express its essence. [7] Data flow
It is used when observing a physical process, to record actions as they happen, and thus get an accurate description of the process. It is used when analyzing the steps in a process, to help identify and eliminate waste—thus, it is a tool for efficiency planning. It is used when the process is mostly sequential, containing few decisions.
A PFD can be computer generated from process simulators (see List of Chemical Process Simulators), CAD packages, or flow chart software using a library of chemical engineering symbols. Rules and symbols are available from standardization organizations such as DIN, ISO or ANSI. Often PFDs are produced on large sheets of paper.
common elements of flow charts consist of: Block diagrams ... Symbols in ISO 10628-2. Symbols in groups 1 - 2. Symbols in groups 3 - 5. Symbols in groups 6 - 9 ...
Control-flow diagrams were developed in the 1950s, and are widely used in multiple engineering disciplines. They are one of the classic business process modeling methodologies, along with flow charts , drakon-charts , data flow diagrams , functional flow block diagram , Gantt charts , PERT diagrams, and IDEF .
Activity diagrams [1] are graphical representations of workflows of stepwise activities and actions [2] with support for choice, iteration, and concurrency. In the Unified Modeling Language, activity diagrams are intended to model both computational and organizational processes (i.e., workflows), as well as the data flows intersecting with the related activities.
A Swimlane was first introduced to computer-based Process Modeling by IGrafx in 1993 and trademarked in 1996. It may also be referred to as a functional band (as it is in Microsoft Visio 2007) and is used in the same way, to create a cross functional flowchart to map a process within the functional units of a business. [3]