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The close back rounded vowel, or high back rounded vowel, [1] is a type of vowel sound used in many spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is u , and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is u. In most languages, this rounded vowel is pronounced with protruded lips ('endolabial'). However, in a ...
Within the chart “close”, “open”, “mid”, “front”, “central”, and “back” refer to the placement of the sound within the mouth. [3] At points where two sounds share an intersection, the left is unrounded, and the right is rounded which refers to the shape of the lips while making the sound. [4]
The symbol 'U' is the chemical symbol for uranium. In the context of Newtonian mechanics, 'U' is the symbol for the potential energy of a system. 'u' is the symbol for the atomic mass unit, and 'U' is the symbol for one enzyme unit. In the International Phonetic Alphabet, the close back rounded vowel is represented by the lowercase u .
The following is the chart of the International Phonetic Alphabet, a standardized system of phonetic symbols devised and maintained by the International Phonetic Association. It is not a complete list of all possible speech sounds in the world's languages, only those about which stand-alone articles exist in this encyclopedia.
The IPA symbol that represents this sound is ʊ . It is informally called "horseshoe u". Prior to 1989, there was an alternative IPA symbol for this sound, ɷ , called "closed omega"; use of this symbol is no longer sanctioned by the IPA. [2] In Americanist phonetic notation, the symbol ᴜ (a small capital U
The official chart of the IPA, revised in 2020. The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) is an alphabetic system of phonetic notation based primarily on the Latin script.It was devised by the International Phonetic Association in the late 19th century as a standard written representation for the sounds of speech. [1]
At some point, short /u/ developed into a lax, near-close near-back rounded vowel, /ʊ/, as found in words like put. (Similarly, short /i/ has become /ɪ/.) According to Roger Lass, the laxing occurred in the 17th century, but other linguists have suggested that it may have taken place much earlier. [1]
English short vowels are all transcribed by a single letter in the IPA. Because English short vowels a e i o u are closer to the Classical pronunciation (still found in Spanish and Italian) than the long vowels are, it is the short vowels which are transcribed with IPA letters which resemble the English letters a e i o u.