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The tenuous peace did not last, as American encroachment into Apache territory continued. In 1861, the Bascom affair was a catalyst for armed confrontation. An Apache raiding party had driven away a local rancher's cattle and kidnapped his 12-year-old stepson (Felix Ward, who later became known as Mickey Free ).
After the American Civil War began in April 1861, Mangas Coloradas and Cochise, his son-in-law, struck an alliance, agreeing to drive all Americans and Mexicans out of Apache territory. Their campaigns against the Confederates were the battles of Tubac , Cookes Canyon , Florida Mountains , Pinos Altos and Dragoon Springs .
Douglas Haig, representing the British forces, urged moderation, stating that "Germany is not broken in the military sense", that "it is necessary to grant Germany conditions that they can accept", and that surrender of occupied territories and Alsace-Lorraine would be "sufficient to seal the victory". The British also took the position that ...
In 1872, the Chiricahua, under the leadership of Cochise, signed a peace treaty with General Otis O. Howard, agreeing to cease hostilities in exchange for the government creating a reservation in southeast Arizona. Taza, took over leadership of the Chiricahua in 1874 after Cochise's death. Factions among the tribe were split about whether or ...
He was a protege of Cochise, and he surrendered with Cochise in 1872 going to live on the San Carlos Reservation in southern Arizona, where he became an Apache Scout. Following his service as a scout he was taken prisoner after being coerced to travel to Washington, D.C. Chato was imprisoned in St. Augustine, Florida along with almost 500 other ...
The British Empire refers to the possessions, dominions, and dependencies under the control of the Crown.In addition to the areas formally under the sovereignty of the British monarch, various "foreign" territories were controlled as protectorates; territories transferred to British administration under the authority of the League of Nations or the United Nations; and miscellaneous other ...
The bars to residence and work in the United Kingdom that had been raised against holders of British dependent territories citizenship by The British Nationality Act 1981 were, however, removed, and British citizenship was made attainable by simply obtaining a second British passport with the citizenship recorded as British citizen (requiring a ...
John Clum (center) with Indians Diablo and Eskiminzin on the San Carlos Agency in 1875. John Clum was born on a farm near Claverack, New York, US.His parents were William Henry and Elizabeth van Deusen Clum of Dutch and German descent; he had five brothers and three sisters: Henry W. Clum, Jane E. Clum, Cornelia Clum, Sarah E. Clum, George A. Clum, Robert A. Clum, Cornelius N. Clum, and Alfred ...